大蒜体细胞无性系的染色体变异研究

5个大蒜品种经愈伤组织途径诱导再生植株形成体细胞无性系,对该无性系细胞进行染色体检查结果表明,通过愈伤组织培养诱导再分化形成的再生植株,其细胞染色体数目发生了不同程度的变异,5个品种的体细胞无性系二倍体率分别为52%,64%,58%,54%和62%,其余为多倍体、超倍体和亚倍体细胞。用苍山蒜和改良蒜的蒜基、蒜瓣和蒜叶分别作外植体培养形成的体细胞无性系二倍体率在46%～60%。检查还发现了染色体结构的变异。

Study on chromosomal variation of somatic clones of garlic

Somatic clones of 5 different ecotypic garlic varieties were obtained by way of regeneration from callus and their chromosomes were examined.The results were as follows.Among all the garlic varieties,the number of chromosomes of some plants regenerated from callus changed and the ratio of variation varied with varieties.The percentage of diploids of Gailiang,Jingtang Early,Pengxian Late,Cangshan and European 01 was 52%,64%,58%,54% and 62% respectively,and others were polyploids,hyperploids and hypoploids.The percentages of diploids of somatic clones regenerated from calluses induced from cloves,clove bases and leaf blades of Cangshan and Gailiang ranged between 46% and 60%,and the changes of chromosomal structure were examined as well.