Shifts in microbial diversity through land use intensity as drivers of carbon mineralization in soil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. INRA, UMR 1347 Agroecology, Dijon, France;2. INRA, Plateforme GenoSol, UMR1347 Agroecology, Dijon, France;3. UMR Université de Bourgogne, Biogéosciences 5561, Dijon, France;4. Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;5. Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, PO Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;6. Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, PO Box 8123, 6700 ES, The Netherlands;7. Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, viale Italia 39, I-07100 Sassari, Italy;8. Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, viale Italia 39, I-07100 Sassari, Italy;9. Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari, via Piandanna 4, I-07100 Sassari, Italy;1. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, UK;2. INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, GenoSol Platform, Dijon, France;3. Teagasc, Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Co. Wexford, Ireland;4. INRA, UMR1347 Agroécologie, Dijon, France;1. Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;2. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China;3. College of Biology and the environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China;1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy;2. NRD Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy;3. Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Via De Nicola, Sassari, Italy;1. Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, PR China;2. Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Huitong 418307, PR China;3. Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;1. Nucleo di Ricerca sulla Desertificazione (NRD), Università di Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Agraria, Università di Sassari, viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy;4. Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martins de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;5. University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Gregor-Mendel-Straβe 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria;1. Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 75, 24118 Kiel, Germany;2. Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Scharnhorststr. 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany;3. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Department of Soil Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;4. Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, 439 Borlaug Hall, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA |
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| Abstract: | Land use practices alter the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities. However, the impact of land management intensity on soil microbial diversity (i.e. richness and evenness) and consequences for functioning is still poorly understood. Here, we addressed this question by coupling molecular characterization of microbial diversity with measurements of carbon (C) mineralization in soils obtained from three locations across Europe, each representing a gradient of land management intensity under different soil and environmental conditions. Bacterial and fungal diversity were characterized by high throughput sequencing of ribosomal genes. Carbon cycling activities (i.e., mineralization of autochthonous soil organic matter, mineralization of allochthonous plant residues) were measured by quantifying 12C- and 13C-CO2 release after soils had been amended, or not, with 13C-labelled wheat residues. Variation partitioning analysis was used to rank biological and physicochemical soil parameters according to their relative contribution to these activities. Across all three locations, microbial diversity was greatest at intermediate levels of land use intensity, indicating that optimal management of soil microbial diversity might not be achieved under the least intensive agriculture. Microbial richness was the best predictor of the C-cycling activities, with bacterial and fungal richness explaining 32.2 and 17% of the intensity of autochthonous soil organic matter mineralization; and fungal richness explaining 77% of the intensity of wheat residues mineralization. Altogether, our results provide evidence that there is scope for improvement in soil management to enhance microbial biodiversity and optimize C transformations mediated by microbial communities in soil. |
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| Keywords: | Biodiversity Carbon cycling Ecosystem functioning Land use |
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