三七收获机输送分离装置作业机理分析与参数优化

针对丘陵山区三七机械化收获根土分离难、输送效率低等问题，开展了三七收获机输送分离装置作业机理与参数优化试验研究。首先，通过理论分析建立了三七根土复合体在输送过程中的动力学模型；其次，利用高速摄影获取三七根土复合体的运动轨迹，确定三七输送、根土分离、须根断裂等作业机理；与此同时，基于EDEM-RecurDyn耦合开展三七根土复合体输送分离作业联合仿真，验证了模型的可靠性，明确了三七根土复合体输送分离规律，确定了影响三七根土分离的主要作业参数为：升运速度、升运倾角、振动幅度、振动频率；最后，开展台架试验并利用Design-Expert软件进行分析寻找最优作业参数。结果表明：当最优作业参数组合升运倾角为21°、振动幅度为44mm、升运速度为0.9m/s、振动频率为1.6Hz时，三七输送率、三七筛净率分别为93.60%、92.64%，符合三七收获机输送分离作业要求。

Operation Mechanism Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Conveying and Separating Device of Panax notoginseng Harvester

Aiming at the problems of difficult root-soil separate and low transportation efficiency in mechanized harvesting of Panax notoginseng in hilly and mountainous areas, experimental research on the operation mechanism and parameter optimization of the conveying and separating device of the Panax notoginseng harvester was conducted. Firstly, the dynamics model of Panax notoginseng root-soil composite during the process of transportation was established through theoretical analysis;secondly,high-speed photography was used to obtain the movement trajectory of the Panax notoginseng root-soil composite, and determine the operation mechanism of Panax notoginseng transportation, root-soil separation, and fibrous root fracture, etc. Meanwhile, based on EDEM-RecurDyn coupling, the joint simulation of the conveying and separation of Panax notoginseng root-soil composite was carried out, which verified the reliability of the conveying separation operation joint simulation model. The conveying and separation laws of Panax notoginseng root-soil composite was clarified, and the main operating parameters that affected the separation of Panax notoginseng root-soil were determined to be lifting speed, lifting inclination angle, vibration amplitude and vibration frequency. Finally, bench tests were conducted and Design-Expert software was used to analyze and find the optimal operating parameters. The results showed that when the optimal operation parameters were as follows: the lifting inclination angle was 21°, the vibration amplitude was 44mm, the lifting speed was 0.9m/s, and the vibration frequency was 1.6Hz, the conveying rate and the screening rate of Panax notoginseng were 93.60% and 92.64%, respectively, which met the requirements of the conveying and separation operation of the Panax notoginseng harvester.The research result can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the harvesting of rhizome crops in hilly and mountainous areas.