胡麻脱粒清选装置作业过程仿真与试验

针对分段收获后胡麻脱出物形状差异小、混杂程度大、清选困难等问题，设计了胡麻脱粒清选装置。为提高胡麻脱粒清选装置作业效率，探究胡麻脱粒物料气流式清选机理，以装置气流清选系统为研究对象，分别建立清选系统CFD模型和胡麻脱出物DEM模型。采用CFD-DEM耦合仿真技术，通过研究各组分脱出物料的运动轨迹与空间位置分布，得出清选系统内胡麻脱出物分离规律，并进行验证试验，校验仿真模型可靠性。仿真试验表明，胡麻脱粒物颗粒在清选系统内气流场的作用下表现出较好的分离清选效果，同时，通过分析模拟试验所得到的胡麻脱粒物颗粒数量和平均速度变化曲线，探明了胡麻脱粒物料在分离清选作业过程中运移的平均速度和数量的变化规律。验证试验表明，该装置在最佳工作状态下作业后胡麻籽粒的清选损失率为2.78%，含杂率为2.23%，与仿真模拟胡麻籽粒损失率（2.05%）、含杂率（1.56%）相比，二者试验结果分别仅相差0.73、0.67个百分点，实际试验结果与仿真模拟结果吻合度较高，验证了模型的可靠性。

Simulation Analysis and Experiment of Operation Process of Flax Threshing and Cleaning Device

In view of the problems of small shape difference, large degree of mixture, and difficulty in sorting the flax exudate after segmented harvesting, a flax threshing sorting device was designed. In order to improve the operation efficiency of the flax threshing sorting device, the mechanism of airflow cleaning of flax threshing materials was explored, and the CFD model of the cleaning system and the DEM model of flax detachment were established with the airflow sorting system of the device as the research object. Using CFD-DEM coupling simulation technology, the separation law of flax exudate in the sorting system was obtained by studying the motion trajectory and spatial position distribution of the detached materials of each component, and verification tests were carried out to verify the reliability of the simulation model. The simulation test showed that the flax threshing particles showed a good separation and sorting effect under the action of the air flow field in the cleaning system, and at the same time, the variation curve of the number and average velocity of flax threshing particles obtained by the simulation test was analyzed, and the change law of the average speed and quantity of flax threshing materials in the process of separation and sorting was detected. The verification test showed that the removal loss rate of flax grain after operation under the best working condition of the device was 2.78%, and the impurity rate was 2.23%, which was only 0.73 and 0.67 percentage points different from the simulated flax grain loss rate (2.05%) and impurity content rate (1.56%), respectively, and the actual test results were in high agreement with the simulation results, which verified the reliability of the model.