Biochar differentially affects the cycling and partitioning of low molecular weight carbon in contrasting soils |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia;2. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW 2477, Australia;3. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Woodbridge Rd, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia;4. NSW Department of Primary Industries/University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia;5. CSIRO Agriculture, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia;1. University of Zurich, Department of Geography, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;2. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCentre, Department of Chemistry, Box 7015, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;3. University of Florence, Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Piazzale delle Cascine 18, 50144 Florence, Italy;1. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China;2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095, Nanjing, China;3. Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany;4. Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany;1. Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, 2202 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada;2. Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada;3. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Fernando Corrêa da Costa, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso 78060-900, Brazil;1. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, 241 Williamson Hall, P.O. Box 112120, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA;2. Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China |
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| Abstract: | Biochar application to soils has received much attention due to the potential for dual benefits of improved fertility and carbon (C) sequestration. Whilst its effect on C and nitrogen (N) cycling in soils has been investigated previously, this has usually either focussed on the bulk soil organic matter, or a single compound such as glucose. Five low molecular weight dissolved organic C (LMWDOC) substrates (three sugars, one amino acid, one organic acid) were selected for a 14C-CLPP experiment from which turnover rate (t1/2) and immediate carbon use efficiency (CUE) of the substrate were estimated. We demonstrated that whilst soil type had the greatest effect on soil microbial function, the addition of biochar also influenced microbial turnover and CUE of the substrates, most notably in the lowest fertility soil. We also identified that the relationship between turnover and CUE of the five substrates differed substantially, and the effect of biochar and soil type was more pronounced in the amino acid than the organic acid. This effect tended to be greatest in biochars produced at 450 °C, and less pronounced with the addition of biochars produced at 550 °C, though these trends were not consistent for all compounds in all soils tested. We conclude biochars and soils interact to manifest non-systematic differences in turnover rates of LMWDOCs, and thus a variety of mechanisms are likely responsible for this observation. As these compounds are most commonly found in the rhizosphere and can contribute a significant portion of photosynthetically-fixed C, and plant roots have been observed to grow preferentially around biochar particles, it is apparent that biochar may significantly affect the flow of LMWDOC through the microbial community in soils. |
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| Keywords: | Char LMWOC C-14 Substrate induced respiration Black carbon Australian soils Root exudates Carbon use efficiency |
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