Short- and long-term effects of nutrient enrichment on microbial exoenzyme activity in mangrove peat |
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| Institution: | 1. Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA;3. Department of Microbial Wetland Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Department of Soil Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Dr.-Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3, Bayreuth 95448, Germany;2. Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany;1. Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Zhimin Rd. 1101, Nanchang 330045, PR China;2. Department of Forestry and Environmental, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;3. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Rd. 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, PR China;1. Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany;2. Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195 Berlin, Germany;3. Geoecology, University of Tübingen, Rümelinstraße 19-23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany;4. Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany;5. Department of Biology, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden;6. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador;1. U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20192, USA;2. Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 370 Prospect St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA;3. Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;4. University of Minnesota, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, 2004 Folwell Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA;1. College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012 Beijing, China;3. Quzhou Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, 057250 Quzhou, China;4. Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany;5. Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Mangroves receive increasing quantities of nutrients as a result of coastal development, which could lead to significant changes in carbon sequestration and soil subsidence. We hypothesised that mangrove-produced tannins induce a nitrogen (N) limitation on microbial decomposition even when plant growth is limited by phosphorus (P). As a result, increased N influx would lead to a net loss of sequestered carbon negating the ability to compensate for sea level rise in P-limited mangroves. To examine this, we quantified the short- and long-term effects of N and P enrichment on microbial biomass and decomposition-related enzyme activities in a Rhizophora mangle-dominated mangrove, which had been subjected to fertilisation treatments for a period of fifteen years. We compared microbial biomass, elemental stoichiometry and potential enzyme activity in dwarf and fringe-type R. mangle-dominated sites, where primary production is limited by P or N depending on the proximity to open water. Even in P-limited mangroves, microbial activity was N-limited as indicated by stoichiometry and an increase in enzymic activity upon N amendment. Nevertheless, microbial biomass increased upon field additions of P, indicating that the carbon supply played even a larger role. Furthermore, we found that P amendment suppressed phenol oxidase activity, while N amendment did not. The possible differential nutrient limitations of microbial decomposers versus primary producers implies that the direction of the effect of eutrophication on carbon sequestration is nutrient-specific. In addition, this study shows that phenol oxidase activities in this system decrease through P, possibly strengthening the enzymic latch effect of mangrove tannins. Furthermore, it is argued that the often used division between N-harvesting, P-harvesting, and carbon-harvesting exoenzymes needs to be reconsidered. |
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| Keywords: | Mangroves Peat Microbial activity SOC Decomposition Differential nutrient limitation Microbial elemental stoichiometry |
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