Evidence of short-term belowground transfer of nitrogen from Acacia mangium to Eucalyptus grandis trees in a tropical planted forest |
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| Affiliation: | 1. USP-ESALQ, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;2. CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, Écologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes, 2 Place Viala, F34060 Montpellier, France;3. USP-CENA, Divisão de Desenvolvimento de Técnicas Analíticas e Nucleares, Av. Centenário, 303, CEP 13416-000 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;4. INRA, UR 1138, Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers, Nancy, Champenoux, France;5. CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France;6. INRA, UMR Eco&Sols, Écologie Fonctionnelle & Biogéochimie des Sols & Agroécosystèmes, 2 Place Viala, F34060 Montpellier, France;7. UNESP, Departamento de Ciência Florestal, «Julio de Mesquita Filho», CEP 18610-300 Botucatu, SP, Brazil;1. Forest Science Department, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;2. Agriculture and Forest Engineering College, FAEF, Garça, SP, Brazil;3. Geplant Forest Technology, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;4. Soil Science Department, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil;5. Timac Agro Brazil, Roullier Group, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;6. Department of Chemistry and Soil Chemistry, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain;1. Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China;2. School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China;3. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;4. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;1. Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 70-275, C. P. 04510 México, D. F., Mexico;2. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE, CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera de Moncada-Náquera Km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Valencia, Spain;3. Departamento de Conservación de Suelos y Aguas, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus de Espinardo, PO Box 4195, E-30100 Murcia, Spain;4. Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional, Autónoma de México 04510, D. F., Mexico |
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| Abstract: | The short-term belowground transfer of nitrogen from nitrogen-fixing trees to companion trees has never been studied in the field. A 15N pulse-labeling study was conducted in a mixed plantation of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus grandis at the peak of leaf area, 26 months after planting. 15N–NO3− was injected into the stem of one big Acacia tree in three plots. 15N was traced over 2 months in the labeled Acacia tree as well as in neighboring Eucalyptus trees. For both species, young leaves were sampled, as well as fine roots and the rhizosphere at a distance of 0.75 m and 2.25 m from the labeled tree. The 15N atom% was also determined in the wood, bark, branches and total foliage of the 3 labeled Acacia trees and 9 Eucalyptus trees, 60 days after labeling. Most of the leaves, fine roots and rhizosphere samples of both species were 15N enriched from 5 days after labeling. The δ15N values were higher at a distance of 0.75 m than at 2.25 m in Acacia roots, but were similar at both distances in Eucalyptus roots and the rhizospheres. The wood and bark of Eucalyptus trees sampled at a distance of 6.2 m from the labeled Acacia trees were 15N enriched. This shows belowground N transfer from Acacia to Eucalyptus trees in the field during the first few days after labeling. This facilitation process may provide a significant amount of the nitrogen requirements of trees close to N-fixing trees in mixed forests. |
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| Keywords: | Stem injection Nitrogen facilitation Exudates Common mycorrhizal network Nitrogen fixing trees |
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