杜仲茎和子叶的含胶细胞形态学研究

目的 进一步认识杜仲成熟含胶细胞形态特征，并为解释杜仲含胶细胞起源、发育和成熟过程提供细胞形态学证据。 方法 利用整体观察法和组织切片法对杜仲茎、种子萌芽期子叶和幼苗期子叶进行研究，分析和比对杜仲含胶细胞形态。 结果 取得杜仲茎皮层中14个成熟的含胶细胞形态图像、46个含胶细胞膨大端图像和2个成熟中含胶细胞图像；取得杜仲种子萌芽期子叶中原始细胞形态和成熟中含胶细胞图像、杜仲幼苗期子叶中成熟含胶细胞图像以及杜仲含胶细胞透射电子显微镜图像；杜仲茎中含胶细胞轴长度范围为981 ～ 3 167 μm，体积范围为1 × 10−4 ～ 3 × 10−4 mm3；膨大端椭球体短轴长度范围为8.6 ～ 22.4 μm，椭圆形的长轴与短轴之比范围为1.08 ～ 1.77。 结论 （1）杜仲茎皮层中的成熟含胶细胞是一种由细长的圆柱状胞体和近似为椭球体的2个膨大端构成的无分支-非铰接乳管细胞。（2）透明后的含胶细胞大部分无内部结构，小部分存在低折光率的内部结构。（3）杜仲子叶中含胶细胞起源于一连串哑铃状的原始细胞，杜仲子叶中含胶细胞生成过程存在一系列细胞形态变化。

Cytomorphology of Laticifer Cells in Stems and Cotyledons of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

Objective To further understand the cytomorphological of maturating laticifer cells and mature laticifer cells in Eucommia ulmoides stem and cotyledons and provide cytomorphological evidence for explaining the origin, development and maturation processes of laticifer cells in E. ulmoides. Method The stem, seed germination cotyledons, and seedling cotyledons of E. ulmoides were studied by whole observation and tissue section methods, and the morphology of laticifer cells in E. ulmoides was analyzed and compared. Result The images of 14 mature laticifer cells, 46 enlarged ends of laticifer cells, and 2 mature gelatinous cells in the stem cortex of E. ulmoides were obtained. The optical microscope images of primitive cell morphology and maturating laticifer cells in E. ulmoides seed germination cotyledons and the optical microscope images of mature maturating cells in seedling cotyledons and transmission electron microscope images of laticifer cells in E. ulmoides were obtained. The length of laticifer cell axes in E. ulmoides stems ranged from 981 to 3167 μm, and the volume ranged from 1 × 10−4 to 3 × 10−4 mm3. The length of the minor axis of the enlarged ends ellipsoid ranged from 8.6 μm to 22.4 μm, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis of the enlarged ends ranged from 1.08 to 1.77. Conclusion (1) The mature laticifer cells in the cortex of E. ulmoides are non-articulated and unbranched laticifer cells consisted of an elongated cylindrical cell body and two ellipsoidal dilated terminations. (2) Most of the xylene vitrification laticifer cells have no internal structure, and a small number of them have low refractive index internal structure. (3) The laticifer cells in the cotyledons of E. ulmoide originate from a series of dumbbell-shaped primitive cells, and tThere are a series of cytomorphological changes in the process of generation of laticifer cells.