刘家峡水库调度方式对黄河上游水文情势的影响

水库调度方式对河流水文情势的改变有着重要的影响,文中结合水库防洪、发电、供水调度模拟模型,设置了水文情势的量、时间、频率、延时和变化率5种基本特征的32个指标,采用水文变异法(RVA)对不同水库功能模式下,河流水文情势的改变进行定量化研究。研究表明:刘家峡水库发电调度有15个水文情势指标发生高度改变,占指标总数的47%;水库供水引发了20个水文情势指标发生高度改变,占指标总数的近63%;供水调度对河流水文情势整体改变度为0.77,较发电调度改变程度0.43更高,相对防洪和发电调度,改变更为强烈,影响更为广泛。在防洪、发电、供水三个水库功能中,供水调度对河流水文情势的影响最显著,防洪调度最小。

Respond of hydrological condition to different reservoir operation mode on the upper reaches of the Yellow River

Reservoir operation mode has important influence on river hydrometric situation changes.Combined with the reservoir flood control,power generation,water supply dispatching simulation model,we set up 32 indicators in five kinds of basic characteristics of the hydrological situation,such as the amount,time,frequency,delay and rate of change,using hydrological variability(RVA) for quantitative research on river hydrometric situation changes in different reservoir compositions and function modes.The study shows that for hydropower generation scheduling,15 hydrological situation indicators have changed which account for 47% of the total number;for reservoir water supply,20 hydrological situation indicators have changed,accounting for nearly 63% of the total number;the overall change on river hydrometric situation for water supply operation was 0.77,which was higher than the generation scheduling of 0.43.Compared with flood control and power generation scheduling,water supply opertation had more intense change and broader impact.Therefore,it can be concluded that water supply will bring on the most great impact on river hydrometric situation in flood control,power generation,water supply functions of the reservoirs,the flood control operation has the least influence.This article has important reference value to establishing scientific and reasonable reservoir operation mode,especially on reservoir ecological operation research.