多花黄精种子萌发过程的形态和解剖研究

为解除多花黄精种子休眠、促进种子萌发,利用Nikon-SMZ 800体式显微镜观察多花黄精种子不同萌发时期的外观形态,采用石蜡切片法将多花黄精种子特殊部位制成切片,在Olympus-BX 61光学显微镜下观察其解剖结构,探究多花黄精种子萌发过程中的形态变化及解剖特征。结果表明,1)多花黄精种子萌发过程可分为:刚采摘、未萌发、刚萌发、小球茎形成、初生根茎形成和出苗6个阶段;2)成熟的多花黄精种子,其胚未分化出明显的子叶、胚芽和胚根,随着种子的萌发而分化成成熟胚;3)多花黄精种子的萌发伴随着胚乳的降解;4)多花黄精种子同时存在生理休眠和形态休眠,具有形态生理休眠特性。

Morphological and Anatomical Studies During Seed Germination of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.

In order to break dormancy and promote seed germination,the appearance of Polygonatum cyrtonema seeds at different germination stage were observed by Nikon-SMZ 800 stereomicroscope and the morphological changes and anatomical characteristics of P.cyrtonema seeds during germination were also investigated by observing these paraffin sections made from the special parts of P.cyrtonema seeds with Olympus-BX 61 microscope.The results showed that 1)the germination process of P.cyrtonema seed could be divided into 6 stages,namely fresh pick,non-germination,fresh germination,corm formation,primary rhizome formation and seedling emergence.2)The embryos in mature P.cyrtonema seed did not differentiate into cotyledon,germ and radicle,but they differentiated into mature embryos as the seeds germinate.3)The germination of P.cyrtonema seed was accompanied by endosperm degradation.4)The P.cyrtonema seed had both physiological dormancy and morphological dormancy,and had morphological and physiological dormancy characterstics.