环青海湖地区草地近地层气象要素变化特征

利用青海湖北岸海北牧业气象试验站2006年5月-12月观测的天然草地近地面层气象要素梯度资料，分析了该地区近地层温度、湿度和风速的日变化规律及其廓线特征。结果表明：青海湖北岸草地近地层0．3—10．0m高度范围内温度、相对湿度和风速都呈现出明显的以24h为周期的日变化规律；各层温度最高和最低时的位相随高度增加而滞后，相对湿度和风速最大与最小时的位相随高度增加而提前；14时温度随高度的增加而降低，20时的温度随高度增加先增后降，温度廓线在4．0m高度存在一拐点，随后逐渐进入逆温状态，至8时逆温程度达到最大；不论白天还是夜间，相对湿度随高度的增加而减小；风速随高度的增加而增大。

Characteristics of Changes of Micro-Meteorology in Surface Layer of Grassland in Regions around Qinghai Lake

Based on the meteorological data in the surface layer of grassland in the north shore of Qinghai Lake from May to December in 2006 observed by Haibei Animal Husbandry Meteorological Experimental Station, the characteristics of changes of the diurnal variation and the vertical profiles of the wind speed, temperature and humidity were investigated. The results showed that the wind speed, temperature and relative humidity showed an obvious diurnal variation above 0.3m and below 10m in the surface layer of grassland in the north shore of Qinghai Lake. The phase of the maximum and minimum temperature delayed with the increase of the height and the phase of the maximum and minimum relative humidity and wind speed advanced with the increase of the height. The temperature at fourteen o'clock decreased with the increase of the height and the temperature at twenty o'clock increases first and decreased later with the increase of the height. The temperature profiles had an inflexion at the height of 4m, then into the status of the inversion. The degree of the inversion reached biggest at eight o'clock. Relative humidity decreased and wind speed increased with the increase of the height whenever day and night.