不同打叶时间对烤烟产质量和化学成分的影响

 为探明打叶时间对烤烟产质量的影响,以湘烟3号为供试品种,研究了6种不同打叶时间处理烤烟的综合性状。结果表明：（1）烤烟产量、产值、均价、上等烟比例和中上等烟比例均受打叶时间影响极显著。（2）随着摘除脚叶时间的推迟,烤烟色素质量分数逐渐降低;多酚在采收上部叶时弃采一片顶叶情况下逐渐增高而在圆顶情况下打掉顶部一片叶时先降低后增高;烟碱质量分数在中部叶先减少后增加而在下部叶先增加后减少;随着摘除顶叶时间的推迟,烤烟色素、多酚和中上部叶烟碱质量分数逐渐降低;下部叶烟碱质量分数在打顶时摘除脚叶情况下逐渐降低而在打顶后5 d或10 d摘除脚叶时逐渐增高。综合分析认为,湖南省桂阳县以打顶时及时清除3片脚叶、圆顶时及时打掉顶部一片叶处理增产提质效果最好。

Effect of Removed Leaf Time on Yields and Quality and Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco

To find out the effect of removed leaf time on yields, quality and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco, the comprehensive characters of six kinds of different removed leaf time were studied in this experiment, using "Xiangyan No.3" as the tested strain. The result showed that:(1)Effect of different removed leaf time on the yields, average price, high-quality ratio and high-middle-quality ratio of flue-cured was very significant.(2)With the time of removing bottom leaves being delayed, the pigment content of flue-cured tobacco declined gradually; furthermore, it showed a rising trend in the polyphenol content when researchers plucked upper leaves with abandoning one top leaf,and it also showed a declining trend in the polyphenol content then rising trend when dome. The nicotine content was showed a declining then rising trend in middle leaves and it showed a rising then declining trend in lower leaves. The pigment, polyphenol and nicotine content in middle or upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco declined gradually with the delay of double tip declining. The nicotine content of lower leaves declined gradually when topping the plant with removing three bottom leaves but it risen gradually as three bottom leaves was removed in five or ten days after topping with the delay of double tip declining. In summary, the integrate analysis showed that it is the most appropriate treatment to increase the yields and chemical quality in Guiyang's flue-cured tobacco of Hunan province that to remove three bottom leaves timely when topping the leaves of the plant, and to prune one top leaf timely when the plant domes.