小麦冠层氮素含量光谱估算研究进展

氮素作为作物生长和产量形成的首要元素，约占作物体干重的0.3%~5.0%，有生命元素之称。小麦是世界上种植面积最大、商品率最高的粮食作物，面积和总产量均占世界粮食作物的1/3左右，小麦氮素含量估算技术的现代化、信息化水平与农业的现代化、信息化密切相关，快速、准确、无损地获取作物氮素含量对制定合理施肥策略和农业可持续发展具有重要意义。本文首先对小麦冠层氮素含量光谱估算的原理进行了介绍，然后对目前氮素含量估算采用的数据类型和方法进行了总结分析，并在此基础上分析了目前小麦冠层氮素光谱估算存在的问题，对未来小麦冠层氮素光谱快速估算前景进行了展望。

Research Progress of Nitrogen Content Estimation in Winter Wheat Canopy Based on Optical Spectrum

Nitrogen is the primary element for crop growth and yield formation,accounting for about 0.3% to 5.0% of dry weight in plants,and that''s why nitrogen is called a life element. Wheat is major food crop with the largest planting area and the highest commodity rate,and comprises about one-third of the grain planting areas and yield in the world. The modernization and information of rapid estimation of nitrogen go together with the modernization and informatization of agriculture and therefore rapid,accurate and non-destructive acquisition of nitrogen are very important for optimal management of nitrogen fertilizer and the sustainable development of agriculture. This paper elaborated the principle of nitrogen content estimation in winter wheat canopy,summarized the data type and algorithm of nitrogen estimation by optical spectrum. The problems with nitrogen content estimation in winter wheat canopy were illustrated and the perspectives were prospected.