宁夏5个野生酸枣种群遗传变异性分析

以收集到的宁夏5个野生酸枣种群及3个栽培品种的叶片和果实为材料，测定其表型性状、生理和果实品质指标，分析种群的遗传多样性。结果表明：5个野生酸枣种群的表型性状平均变异系数为4.46%，果实品质平均变异系数为3.49%，叶片生理指标平均变异系数为15.89%，说明果实的遗传性状变化较小，而叶片的变化较大；5个野生酸枣种群遗传变异性大小的顺序为中宁县牛首山种群>中卫市日照山种群>银川市贺兰山滚钟口种群>灵武市白芨滩种群>吴忠市红寺堡种群。聚类分析表明，3个栽培品种为第Ⅰ类；5个野生酸枣种群中，中卫市日照山种群与中宁县牛首山种群为第Ⅱ类；银川市贺兰山滚钟口种群与灵武市白芨滩种群为第Ⅲ类；吴忠市红寺堡种群为第Ⅳ类。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Five Wild Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa Populations in Ningxia

Taking leaves and fruits of five wild Ziziphus jujuba var. Spinosa populations in Ningxia as materials, the henotypic trait, fruit quality, and genetic diversity differences among populations were determined and the genetic diversity of the populations was analyzed. Theresults showed that the average variability of the populations'' phenotypic traits was 4.46%, the average variability of fruit quality was 3.49%, and the average variability of leaf physiological indices was 15.89%, which indicated that the variation of genetic traits in the fruits was small, but the variation of leaf was great.The order of genetic variability among the five wild populations was Zhongning Niushoushan population>Zhongwei Rizhaoshan population>Helanshan Gunzhongkou population>Lingwu Baijitan population> Wuzhong Hongsibu population. From the cluster analysis it indicated that the three cultivated jujuba varieties were class I, Zhongwei Rizhaoshan population and Zhongning Niushoushan populations were class II, Yinchuan Helanshan Gunzhongkou populations and Lingwu Baijitan populations were class III, and the Wuzhong Hongsibao populations were class IV.