不同肥料类型对赤水河流域毛竹林生产力的影响研究

为提高赤水河流域毛竹林的生产力,采用随机区组设计,试验研究了尿素和不同氮、磷和钾配比的复合肥B、C、D对毛竹林出笋成竹、新竹质量和地上生物量的影响。结果表明:1)尿素对毛竹林成竹量和枝叶生物量的影响达显著水平,其出笋量、成竹量、新竹平均胸径、胸高断面积、秆材量和地上生物量分别为对照的120.17%、130.70%、93.49%、114.03%、111.37%、113.74%,表现出生物量上升而新竹质量降低的效果,生产上需慎用; 2)复合肥B对毛竹林的新竹胸高断面积、秆材量、枝叶量和地上生物量的影响均达显著水平,其出笋量、成竹量、新竹平均胸径、胸高断面积、秆材量和地上生物量分别为对照的112.50%、121.69%、101.76%、125.69%、126.41%、125.81%,表现为新竹质量和生物量上升,适宜于培育大径用材林; 3)复合肥C对毛竹林各项生产力指标的影响均未达显著水平,其出笋量、成竹量、新竹平均胸径、胸高断面积、秆材量和地上生物量分别为对照的101.42%、118.28%、100.10%、118.80%、119.07%、118.89%,适宜于培育笋用林和笋材兼用林; 4)生产力综合效应指数大小呈复合肥B (682.63%) > 复合肥C(476.35%) > 尿素(445.26%) > 复合肥D(261.37%) > 对照(100.00%)的变化趋势。

Influences of Different Fertilizers on Productivity of Moso Bamboo Forest in Chishui River Basin

To improve the productivity of moso bamboo forest in Chishui River Basin, the paper studied the effect of urea and compound fertilizer B, C and D at different ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the number of shoots and new bamboo, new bamboo qualities and above-ground biomasses using randomized block design. The results showed that:1) Urea had signifcant effect on the number of new bamboo and branch & leave biomass. In the moso forest applied with urea, the quantities of shooting, the number of new bamboo, average DBH and sectional area(SBH) of new bamboo at breast height, new culm biomasses and above-ground biomass were 120.17%, 130.70%, 93.49%, 114.03%, 111.37%, 113.74%, respectively of those in control forest, which indicated higher biomass but reducing quality of new bamboo. Therefore, it should be careful to use urea in the production; 2) Compound Fertilizer B had insignifcant effect on the SBH, culm biomasses, branches & leaves biomass and above-ground biomass. The quantity of shoots, the number of new bamboo, average DBH, the SBH, culm biomass and above-ground biomass in moso forest applied with Compound Fertilizer B were 112.50%, 121.69%, 101.76%, 125.69%, 126.41%, 125.81%, respectively, of those in control forest, which indicated rising quality of new bamboo and increasing biomass. Therefore Compound Fertilizer B is applicable to the cultivation of large-diameter timber bamboo forest; 3) Compound Fertilizer C had insignifcant effect on productivity index of moso forest, and the corresponding values of productivity indices in forest applied with Compound Fertilizer C were of 101.42%, 118.28%, 100.10%, 118.80%, 119.07%, 118.89%, respectively of those in control forest. This indicated that Compound Fertilizer C is suitable for cultivating bamboo forest for shoots and shoot-timber bamboo forest; 4) Comprehensive effect index of productivity in new bamboo forest followed the order of Compound Fertilizer B (682.63%) > Compound Fertilizer C (476.35%) > urea (445.26%) > Compound Fertilizer D (261.37%) > Control (100.00%).