景观破碎化对生物多样性的影响

景观破碎化是生物多样性下降的最主要的原因之一。破碎化阻碍了种群间的基因交流,引起近交衰败;改变了物种生存所需的生物地理环境,减小物种的生存空间;改变了生态系统特性,影响系统内的能量平衡和物质流动加剧了外来物种的入侵。本文通过对上述方面的阐述,旨在更好地理解景观破碎化对生物多样性产生的深刻影响,并对下一步的研究方向进行了初步探讨。

A Study on the Influence of Landscape Fragmentation on Biodiversity

Landscape fragmentation is one of the major reasons which lead to the drastic degression or loss of biodiversity over the world .It blocked gene flow among populations, caused inbreeding depression; and altered bio-geographical environments the species depended on , and minished the living space of the species. On the other hand, fragmentation transformed the traits of ecosystems, affected energy balance and matter flow,and attracted invasion of extra-species. The paper described the above mentioned aspects in order to better understand the profound effects of landscape fragmentation on biodiversity.The issues or hot spots of future study in this field, as well as conservation approaches, were also discussed.