耕地质量提升重点区域划定及可提升潜力研究——以河北省卢龙县为例

为科学地划定耕地质量提升重点区域,并在此基础上进行耕地质量提升潜力计算。基于卢龙县2012年农用地分等定级成果,分析通过相应土地整治可以改善或消除耕地质量限制因子的程度,构建基于耕地整治可改善限制因子的耕地质量评价指标体系,建立耕地质量提升潜力指数组合模型与可提升潜力测算模型,进行县域耕地质量提升重点区域划定以及可提升潜力计算。通过研究,县域内耕地共划分为三个提升重点区域:以灌溉保证率为主导的提升重点区域1,整治面积为37 658.85 hm2,占耕地总面积的93.67%,区域内耕地质量平均提升0.64个利用等;以有机质含量为主导的提升重点区域2,整治面积为403.62 hm2,占耕地总面积的1.00%,区内耕地质量平均提升0.83个利用等;以农田防护林为主导的重点区域3,整治面积为2 139.53 hm2,占耕地总面积的5.32%,区内耕地质量平均提升0.60个利用等。卢龙县耕地质量平均提高0.69个利用等,县域内各乡镇分别提升0.47-0.86个利用等,并且呈现县域北部的提升潜力小于南部的提升潜力。研究结果可为丘陵山区整治规划、确定区域耕地可提升潜力、划定区域耕地质量提升重点区域提供技术支撑。

A case study of Lulong County of Hebei Province

In order to identify and zone the arable land with quality increase potentials scientifically, and to enhance the key areas to calculate the upgrade potential of the quality of arable land, based on the results of Lulong farmland classification and gradation results in 2012, this paper analyzed how we can limit the impacts from the restricting factors to the quality of arable land through appropriate regulation, built the quality evaluation system of controlling the restricting factors to the arable land management and quality improvement, and established a comprehensive model including both the arable land quality potential index and computable evaluation index to calculate the growth potential for arable land quality improvement quantitatively. Results showed that: according to the potential arable land index, we divided key areas for land quality improvement into three groups: 1) dominant regions with irrigation guarantee rate. The treatment area is 37 658.85 hm2, accounting for 93.67% of the total cultivated area, and the quality of arable land in the region was improved with 0.64 utilization. 2) dominant regions with organic matter content. The treatment area is 403.62 hm2, accounting for 1.00% of the total arable land, and the quality of cultivated land in the region was improved with 0.83 utilization. And 3) dominant regions with farmland shelter belts. The treatment area is 2 139.53 hm2, accounting for 5.32% of the total cultivated area, and the quality of cultivated land in the region was improved with 0.60 utilization. Through the regulation project, we found that the quality of farmland in Lulong was upgraded by 0.69 utilization in average, the townships were upgraded from 0.47 to 0.86 utilization in average, showing that northern parts upgrade potential was less than the southern parts. Research results from this research can provide technical support for the renovation plan of hill and mountainous areas, defined area of farmland upgrade potential, and the key areas of farmland quality upgrade.