育苗基质对榉树容器苗质量的影响

【目的】为了筛选出适于榉树容器苗生长的最佳基质配比,以提高榉树容器苗的培育质量。【方法】以泥炭土、珍珠岩、蛭石、锯木屑和腐殖土5种材料为原料,按照一定的比例配制成6种基质,以此6种配方基质为供试的育苗基质(其处理编号分别为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6),选择10 cm×5 cm×5 cm的无纺布袋作为育苗容器,进行了榉树容器育苗试验。测定了榉树容器苗的出苗率、形态指标、生物量及生理指标等19个指标,并采用隶属函数法对以不同配方基质培育的容器苗的苗木质量进行了综合评价。【结果】6种基质处理的出苗率从大到小依次为T3>T5>T1>T2>T6>T4,其中T3基质处理的出苗率最高,T4基质处理的出苗率最低,T3基质处理的出苗率是T4基质处理的出苗率的3.47倍;T1基质处理的苗高、地径均极显著高于其他基质处理的,T2基质处理的叶片数显著高于除T1和T5外的其他基质处理的。T2基质处理的侧枝数显著高于其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的高径比、侧根数、主根长均无显著差异;T1基质处理的茎干质量、根干质量、苗木干质量及其质量指数均极显著高于其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的茎根比无显著差异;T1基质处理的根系活力强度和叶绿素a含量均极显著高于除T2外的其他基质处理的,T2基质处理的叶绿素总量极显著高于除T1外的其他基质处理的,不同基质处理间容器苗的叶绿素b、叶绿素a/b之值均无显著差异,T4基质处理的净光合速率最低,极显著低于其他基质处理的。【结论】采用模糊数学的隶属函数法综合评价得出:以T1基质(其配比为:腐殖土∶泥炭土∶珍珠岩=2∶1∶1)培育的榉树容器苗其质量最好,这种配方基质是榉树容器苗的最佳育苗基质。

Effects of substrate on quality of Zelkova schneideriana container seedlings

【Objective】In order to screen out the best substrate ratio suitable for growth of Zelkova schneideriana container seedlings,and to improve quality of Z.schneideriana container seedlings.【Method】Using peat soil,perlite,vermiculite,sawdust and muck as raw materials,six kinds of substrates were prepared according to a certain ratio,and the substrates were used as test seedling substrates(treatment numbers were T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,respectively),10 cm×5 cm×5 cm non-woven bags were select as seedling containers,and Z.schneideriana container seedling tests were conducted.Nineteen indexes in Z.schneideriana container seedlings were measured,including emergence rate,morphological indexes,biomass physiological indexes,and so on.Quality of container seedlings cultivated with different formulation substrates was comprehensively evaluated using subordination function method.【Result】Based on emergence rate from high to low,order of six substrate treatments is T3,T5,T1,T2,T6,T4.Among them,emergence rate in T3 substrate treatment is the highest,that in T4 substrate treatment is the lowest,and the former is 3.47 times the latter.Seedling height and ground diameter in T1 substrate treatment are significantly higher than those in other substrate treatments,and leaf number in T2 substrate treatment is significantly higher than that in T3 and T4 substrate treatments.Number of side branches in T2 substrate treatment is significantly higher than that in other substrate treatments.Height-diameter ratio,number of lateral roots,and main root length of container seedlings have no significant differences between different substrate treatments.Dry stem mass,dry root mass,dry seedling mass and mass index in T1 substrate treatment are significantly higher than those in other substrate treatments.Stem-root ratio of container seedlings has no significant differences between different substrate treatments.Root activity and chlorophyll a content in T1 substrate treatment are very significantly higher than those in other substrate treatments except T2.Total chlorophyll content in T2 substrate treatment is very significantly higher than that in other substrate treatments except T1.Chlorophyll b content and chlorophyll a/b value have no significant differences between different substrate treatments.Net photosynthetic rate in T4 substrate treatment is lowest and significantly lower than that in other substrate treatments.【Conclusion】The results of comprehensive evaluation using subordination function method shows that,quality of Z.schneiderian container seedlings cultivated in T1 substrate(proportion of muck,peat soil and perlite is 2∶1∶1)is the best,so this formula substrate is the best seedling substrate for Z.schneiderian container seedlings.