杂交稻米质性状的亲本配合力分子标记鉴定

摘要: 利用水稻微卫星分子标记技术，结合半双列杂交方法，对F1的米粒长宽比、精米千粒重、垩白度、碱消值、胶稠度等5个主要米质性状进行了亲本配合力分子标记研究，结果获得了与这些性状极显著相关的18个亲本微卫星分子标记，其中，米粒长宽比4个，精米千粒重3个、垩白度4个、碱消值4个、胶稠度3个。这些标记可以直接用于杂种米质预测和亲本的分子辅助育种改良。同时，进行了亲本与F1在这些性状上的相关分析。相关分析结果表明在米粒长宽比和精米千粒重两个性状上，恢复系和不育系对F1的相关系数都很接近。然而在垩白度、碱消值和胶稠度上，母本对F1的相关系数显著大于父本，表现出母性遗传特点。

Identification of Molecular Markers Referred to the Grain Quality Characters of Rice Hybrids Based on the Combining Ability of Their Parental Lines

Based on the combining ability of parental lines with half-diallelic hybridization, five rice quality characters of their hybrids, length/width ratio, 1000-milled grain weight, chalkiness degree, alkali spreading value and gel consistency, were tagged with micro-satellite markers. As a result, eighteen important markers related to those characters were identified, 4 of them for length/width ratio, 3 for 1000-grain weight, 4 for chalkiness degree, 4 for alkali spreading value and 3 for gel consistency. These identified markers could be directly used to predict grain quality of hybrids and improve parental lines through the marker assistant selection. In addition, a correlation analysis was made between parental lines and their hybrids in those rice quality characters. The length/width ratio and 1000-milled grain weight of hybrids were closely related to those of both restorer and male sterile lines, while the other three characters were much more closer to those of their male sterile lines, indicating the maternal inheritance.