乌金猪日粮能量水平对生长性能和胴体品质的影响

本文旨在研究日粮不同能量水平对乌金猪生长性能及胴体品质的影响,采用模糊综合评定系统分析确定最佳生长性能和胴体品质所需的日粮适宜能量水平.试验采用单因子随机分组设计,选取体重15 kg左右的乌金猪90头,随机分为5组,每组18头.日粮能量水平分别为14.22、13.60、12.98、12.36和11.74 MJ/kg.结果表明,随日粮能量水平的降低,不同生长阶段的日增重逐渐降低,料重比逐渐升高,15～30 kg阶段日增重无显著差异(P>0.05).在60和100 kg体重时随日粮能量水平的降低,瘦肉重、瘦肉率和眼肌面积增加,脂肪重、脂肪率和背膘厚降低.通过拟合曲线确定15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段最佳生长性能所需的日粮适宜能量水平分别为14.01、13.15和12.98 MJ/kg.确定15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段时获得最优胴体品质时,适宜的日粮能量水平分别为11.13、11.36和11.71 MJ/kg.综合评定生长性能和胴体品质,15～30 kg、30～60 kg和60～100 kg阶段,乌金猪获得最佳生长性能的胴体品质的日粮适宜能量水平分别为13.55、12.81和13.20 MJ/kg.研究结果为乌金猪的合理饲养提供科学依据.

Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Growth Performance and Carcass Composition of Wujin Pigs

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary digestible energy levels on growth performance and carcass composition in Wujin Pigs, and to investigate the most suitable dietary energy density for maximum growth po-tential and best carcass composition using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The experimental approach was by sin-gle factor random allotment. Ninety pigs were randomly allotted into five groups of 18, and fed diets containing 14.22, 13.60, 12.98, 12.36 and 11.74 MJ/kg of digestible energy. Results showed that average daily gain was reduced and the feed gain ratio increased gradually with reduction in dietary energy levels. No significant differences were found in the groups at the body weight of 15～30 kg(P>0.05). At the body weight of 60 and 100 kg, lean meat weight, lean meat percentage and loin eye area were increased, but fat weight, fat percentage and back fat thickness were decreased with reduction in dietary energy levels. From the fitting curve, the most suitable dietary energy levels for best growth performance at the body weight of 15～30 kg, 30～60 kg and 60～100 kg were 14.01, 13.15 and 12.98 MJ/kg, respectively. Using lean meat percentage, back fat thickness and loin eye area to represent the carcass composition, the optimal dietary energy densities were 11.13, 11.36 and 11.71 MJ/kg at 15～30 kg, 30～60 kg and 60～100 kg body weight, respectively. Optimum dietary energy levels were 13.55, 12.81 and 13.20 MJ/kg for a combination of growth performance and carcass composition. These data could provide a scientific basis for the most appropriate feeding of Wujin Pigs.