我国耕地占补平衡政策的变迁及今后走向

论证了实施耕地占补平衡制度的意义和必要性;回溯了耕地占补平衡制度的政策变迁过程;分析了耕地占补平衡制度实施过程中存在的问题：由于经济发展对土地的需求量只增不减,城市建设中浪费耕地的现象较严重,生态建设和环境保护要求一部分耕地退耕,耕地后备资源严重不足,导致耕地占补平衡制度实施的难度较大;＂占多补少,占优补劣＂的现象十分普遍;耕地的开发和复垦对生态环境造成一定的威胁;在耕地占补平衡制度实施过程中没能考虑到各地区的差异。并对耕地占补平衡制度今后的发展走向提出了一些建议：要＂先补后占＂,保证耕地资源总量的动态平衡;鼓励改造中低产田,提高其生产能力;对城市和农村建设用地进行潜力挖掘,尽量少占耕地;多方合作,加大异地占补平衡实现的可能性。

Changing and Developing Trend of the Farmland Requisition-Compensation Balance Policy in China

The importance and necessity of implementing the balance system of farmland requisition and compensation are reasoned.The changing path of the balance system of farmland requisition-compensation is overviewed.In addition,the problems exists in the implementation of the balance system of farmland requisition-compensation are analyzed as well,covering the increasing demands on land in the process of economic development;the serious phenomenon of wasting land in urban construction;part of farmlands should be revoked from the perspective of ecological construction and environmental protection,which lead to the shortage of reserved farmlands and it is hard to implement the balance system of farmland requisition-compensation;the problems of "occupying more but compensating less,occupying good land but compensating bad land" are universal;the development and reclamation of farmlands have taken certain threats to ecological environment;the differences of various regions have not been taken into consideration in implementing the balance system of farmland requisition-compensation.Some notes on the developing trend of farmlands requisition-compensation balance system are put forward.The farmlands should be occupied after being compensated first,so as to ensure the dynamic balance of the total amount of farmlands;the government should encourage the improvement of farmlands with mediocre and low output,so as to enhance its production capability;the potential of urban and rural construction land use should be fully developed and the occupation of farmlands should be reduced as few as possible;various aspects should be cooperated to increase the possibility of requisition-compensation among different regions.