不同施肥处理对西北半干旱区土壤酶活性的影响及其动态变化

在氮磷总用量一定的前提下,对春小麦不同生育期土壤酶活性的动态变化进行了研究。结果表明,在小麦生育期,休闲处理中转化酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性高于其它处理;施肥对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响较小;有机肥在增加土壤转化酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶活性方面可以同样发挥无机肥的作用,秸秆或者秸秆与氮磷配合施用可以提高土壤转化酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性,羊粪在增加表层土壤脲酶活性方面优于秸秆。在小麦生育期内土壤酶活性的动态变化不同。各处理中过氧化氢酶、转化酶和脲酶活性分别在灌浆期或者收获期、收获期和分蘖期出现高峰,而碱性磷酸酶活性则在苗期或者灌浆期活性最高。

Effect of Different Fertilization on the Dynamical Changes of Soil Enzyme Activities

The dynamical changes of soil enzyme activities in the growing phase of wheat were determined under applying equal amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in these treatments.The results showed that the activities of intervase,urease and alkali-phosphatase in F treatment were higher compared with others in wheat growth phase.Fertilization had a little influence on catalase activities.The organic manure played a equal role in increasing intervase,urease and alkali-phosphatase activities compared with other treatments,and their activities were increased by applying straw or straw and inorganic fertilizers.Goat feces was superior to straw in increasing urease activities.The dynamical changes of soil enzyme activities were different in wheat growth phases.There was a maximum in different soil enzyme activities,for catalase in filling or harvesting stage,for intervase in harvesting stage,for urease intillering stage and for alkali-phosphatase in filling or seedling stage.