枸杞硬枝扦插霉变病原菌鉴定及药剂毒力比较

为了明确引起枸杞育苗过程中插穗霉变的病原菌的种类,对其病原菌进行分离鉴定,致病性测定及回接试验,并针对主要病原菌进行室内药剂筛选。结果表明,引起霉变的主要致病菌为粉红聚端孢霉、链格孢和黑根霉,其分离频率分别为14.14%、26.26%和58.59%,回接霉变率均为100%,萌芽率分别为25%、5%和50%。40%氟硅唑EC 4个浓度对黑根霉的抑菌率差异极显著,6000倍和8000倍对链格孢的抑菌率达100%;25%苯醚甲环唑1000倍对黑根霉、链格孢和粉红聚端孢霉的抑菌率分别为83.19%,82.35%,80.09%。本研究结果有助于降低枸杞育苗过程中插穗的霉变率,提高插穗的成苗率。

Identification of the Pathogens of Wolfberry Hardwood Cuttings Mildew and Comparison of Virulence Pharmacy

In order to identify the pathogen and provide effective disease control, the pathogen was isolated and identified, the pathogenicity test and return inoculation experiments were made for the pathogen causing wolfberry cuttings mildew in temperature control of root nursery. The effective fungicides for the main pathogens were also screened in the laboratory. The results showed that: the effective fungicides were Trichotheciumroseum Lk. ex Fr, Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler and Rhizopusnigricans (Ehrenberg) Vuill. Their separation frequencies were 14.14%, 26.26% and 58.59%, respectively. The return inoculation mildew rates of the three fungicides were 100%. Their germination rates were 25%, 5% and 50%, respectively. Fungicide virulence test result showed that the inhibition rates of flusilazole (40?) were good for Rhizopusnigricans (Ehrenberg) Vuill, and the inhibition rates of flusilazole (40?) of 6000-fold and 8000-fold both were 100% for Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler; the inhibition rates of difenoconazole (25?) of 1000-fold were 83.19%, 82.35%, 80.09% for Rhizopusnigricans (Ehrenberg) Vuill, Alternaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler and Trichotheciumroseum Lk. ex Fr.. The results may provide a reference for the reduction of diseases of wolfberry hardwood cuttings and the improvement of the rate of seedling.