海南省设施园艺发展现状及可持续发展的策略

海南省设施园艺发展较晚,但发展势头迅猛,在叶菜类蔬菜越夏栽培和瓜菜冬春反季节栽培及花卉生产中发挥了巨大的作用。本文综述了海南省设施园艺的地位及发展的现状,指出目前还存在缺乏设施专用品种、引进的设施结构类型水土不服、无公害生产体系欠缺和设施抗灾减损能力不足,环控能力差等主要问题。文章认为,为实现海南设施园艺业可持续稳定的发展,政府应加大资金和政策扶持的力度,加强农民无公害生产意识,提高管理技术水平,重视设施专用品种选育工作,发展冬夏兼用型大棚,在建设国际旅游岛的大背景下发展都市农业,利用海南省优越的气候条件使设施园艺业发展为低能耗生态产业,成立行业协会,同时提高采后处理技术水平。

Present Situation of Protected Horticulture in Hainan and Its Strategy for Sustainable Development

Protected horticulture developed relatively late, but keeps good momentum and plays a huge role in leaf vegetable cultivation over summer, cucurbitaceous vegetable out-of-season cultivation in winter and spring and flower production. In this paper, the status and present situation of protected horticulture in Hainan was summarized, the major problems were pointed out such as the deficiency of special varieties for protected horticulture, the introduced facilities types were not suitable, the deficiency of non-nuisance production system and insufficient of the capacity for resisting natural disasters and environmental control ability was weak and so on. The paper pointed out that to realize the sustainable and stable development of protected horticulture in Hainan, the local government should enforce the funds and policy supporting, enhance pollution-free production consciousness of farmers, improve management technique level, pay attention to the work of special varieties breeding for protected cultured, develop the greenhouse suit for summer and winter, develop urban agriculture in the context of building international tourism island, develop the protected horticulture to be a lower energy consumption and ecological industry by taking advantage of excellent climatic conditions, establish industry association and improve the post-harvest technology level at the same time.