不同种类碳水化合物对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体组成和血清生化指标的影响

为了解罗非鱼对不同种类碳水化合物(CBH)的利用效果,研究了6种碳水化合物对罗非鱼生长性能、体组成和血清生化指标的影响。实验选用720尾初重为(3.0±0.3)g的健康吉富罗非鱼,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复30尾,分别投喂设计含30%南方糙米、次粉、玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、甘薯淀粉和木薯淀粉的6种不同CBH的等氮、等能饲料,实验周期为8周。结果显示,南方糙米、玉米淀粉组的终末均重、增重率、特定生长率和蛋白效率显著高于其他组,而饲料系数明显最低(P0.05)。CBH种类明显影响全鱼、肌肉的组成(P0.05)。玉米淀粉组肝糖原含量明显高于马铃薯淀粉、甘薯淀粉和木薯淀粉组(P0.05),而马铃薯淀粉和甘薯淀粉组的血糖明显低于木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉和次粉组(P0.05)。CBH种类对血清CHO、TG影响明显(P0.05),但对TP、SOD、T-AOC和MDA的影响不明显(P0.05)。研究表明,不同种类CBH对罗非鱼生长性能的影响明显(P0.05),以特定生长率为指标,罗非鱼对南方糙米和玉米淀粉的利用效果较好。

Effects of different types of carbohydrate on growth,body composition and serum biochemical indices of GIFT tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different dietary carbohydrate(CBH)on the growth performance,body composition and serum biochemical indices of GIFT tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Total 720 fish(initial weight:3.03±0.3 g)were randomly assigned to 24 tanks(30 fish/tank)and fed with six experimental diets,which contained 30% different types of carbohydrate(southern brown rice,wheat middling,corn starch,potato starch,sweat potato starch and cassava starch)for 60 days.Daily feeding rate was 4%-6% wet weight.The result showed that the final body weight(FBW),the weight gain(WG),the specific growth rate(SGR)and the protein efficiency ratio in fish of southern brown rice group and corn starch group were significantly higher than those of the other 4 groups,but the feed conversion ratio was on the contrary(P<0.05).The differences in body and muscle composition were significantly affected by the types of dietary carbohydrate(P<0.05).Hepatosomatic index(HSI)is the highest in brown rice and corn starch groups(P<0.05).However,the viserosomatic index,condition factor and survival rate were not observed to have difference in all of the carbohydrate groups(P>0.05).Hepatic glycogen of corn starch group was obviously higher than that of potato starch,sweet potato starch and cassava starch groups(P<0.05),while serum glucose of fish in potato starch and sweet potato starch group is significantly lower than the cassava starch,corn starch,wheat middling,and brown rice groups(P<0.05).CHO and TG showed significant different among the carbohydrate groups(P<0.05),but other serum biochemical indices,mainly relation to TP,SOD,T-AOC and MDA examined in serum were on the contrary(P>0.05).The results indicated that GIFT tilapia could tolerate the six types of dietary containing 30% carbohydrate but they did not impair the growth performance.It was concluded that the different carbohydrate sources in diet would produce significant differences in growth performance of GIFT tilapia.Based on the growth performance(SGR),it is suggested that the optimal dietary carbohydrate sources for GIFT tilapia were brown rice and corn starch in this study.