吉林省玉米生产县域空间变异及区位优势分析

从种植面积、单产和总产量3个角度阐述吉林省42个县域玉米生产空间变异的特点和发展趋势,构建区位熵模型对2004~2015年吉林省西部平原农牧区、东部半山农林区、长白山地农区3个非传统优势地区的县域玉米区位优势进行比较和分析。结果表明,吉林省中部平原农业区的传统优势县域如公主岭市、梨树县、农安县和榆树市仍保持玉米生产区位优势,同时乾安市、东辽县和图们市等非优势地区也具有玉米生产区位优势。在推进农业供给侧结构性改革和农业现代化进程中,玉米生产优势地区需要完善农业耕作制度、玉米核心主产区建设、玉米种质创新和改良、扩大专用玉米种植、完善玉米"价补分离"政策、推进目标价格制度实施;玉米生产非优势地区需要继续调减玉米种植面积、调整种植业结构。

Analysis on Spatial Variation and Location Advantage of Maize Production of County in Jilin Province

The characteristics and development trend of variation of production space of the 42 county in Jilin province were expounded from three aspects of planting area, yield and total yield. And constructs the location entropy model of maize production advantage was compared and analyzed in 2004-2015 of three non-traditional superiority areas in the western plains, the eastern agricultural area of agriculture and pastoral areas in Changbai Mountain of Jilin province. The results showed that the advantages of Central Plains County is traditional agricultural area of Jilin province such as Gongzhuling City, Lishu County, Nong''an County, Yushu city to maintain advantage maize production, but also advantages of maize production with non-dominant Qian''an area, Dongliao county and Tumen city at the same time. In the processes of structural reform and agricultural modernization, maize production advantages of the region need to continue upgrade farming system, construction, the main producing areas of maize core germ plasm innovation and improvement, expand the special maize planting, improve the maize price up separation policy, push into the target price system implementation; maize production in non-dominant areas need to continue to reduce the maize planting area, planting structure adjustment.