秸秆还田与施氮肥对松嫩平原玉米氮素吸收及产量的影响

针对松嫩平原玉米生产特点,设置玉米秸秆不还田、秸秆还田两种条件和3个施氮水平,研究秸秆还田与施氮肥对松嫩平原玉米氮素吸收及产量的影响。结果表明,除收获期玉米植株氮素含量变化规律不明显外,其余时期玉米植株氮素含量、干物质量、氮积累量及产量均随氮肥用量的增加而增加。在玉米3叶期,供试的3个施氮水平下,秸秆还田处理均使玉米氮素含量和吸收积累量降低,至拔节期秸秆还田处理对玉米植株氮素含量的不利影响消失。在不施氮肥条件下,秸秆还田处理提高了拔节期玉米植株氮素的含量;玉米的氮素吸收积累量在不施氮肥条件下仍低于秸秆不还田处理。在玉米收获期,秸秆还田处理增加了玉米子粒的氮素含量与氮素吸收积累量。在3个施氮水平下,秸秆还田处理玉米产量与秸秆不还田处理差异不显著。

Effects of Straw Returning and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Uptake and Yield of Maize in Songnen Plain

According to the characteristics of maize production in Songnen Plain, set the maize no-straw returning, straw returning two kinds of conditions and three nitrogen rates, studying the effect of straw returning and nitrogen rate on nitrogen absorption and maize yield. The result showed that except nitrogen content of maize plant in harvest period was not obvious, the remaining period of maize plant nitrogen content, dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and yield were increased with the increase of the nitrogen fertilizer. Straw returning reduced the content of nitrogen and accumulation of maize under three nitrogen rates at trilobites period. The adverse effects of straw returning on the nitrogen content of maize plants at jointing period were eliminated. Straw returning to field increased the nitrogen content of maize in jointing period in the no nitrogen fertilizer condition. But the amount of nitrogen absorption and accumulation of maize was still lower than that of no-straw returning in the no nitrogen fertilizer condition. Straw returning increased the nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake and accumulation of maize grain in harvest period, there was no significant difference between the straw returning and the no-straw returning treatment of maize yield under three nitrogen rates.