不同饲料对稻田养殖克氏原螯虾肌肉质构特性和营养品质的影响

为研究稻田养虾模式下不同饲料对克氏原螯虾肌肉质构特性和营养品质的影响。选取分别饲喂5种饲料和不饲喂饲料自由采食的养殖克氏原螯虾,采用物性分析、生化分析、色谱分析等方法,对克氏原螯虾质构特性、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量进行分析。结果显示,稻田养殖条件下,饲喂大豆组克氏原螯虾肌肉的弹性、凝聚性、胶着性、咀嚼性和回复性等质构特性均优于其他组。测定的17种氨基酸中,自由采食组克氏原螯虾肌肉总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸总量和呈味氨基酸总量均高于其他组。测定的39种脂肪酸中,自由采食组克氏原螯虾肌肉总脂肪酸含量最高,饲喂商品饲料B组不饱和脂肪酸总含量最高,不投喂饲料组不饱和脂肪酸总含量略低于饲喂商品饲料B,两者均高于其他组。结果表明,稻田养殖模式下不同饲料饲喂克氏原螯虾在肌肉的口感和营养品质方面存在一定差异,综合来看,饲喂大豆的克氏原螯虾在口感方面更具优势,而不饲喂饲料自由采食的克氏原螯虾在肌肉营养品质方面更具优势。

Effect and evaluation of different feed on texture properties and nutritional quality of Procambarus clarkia cultured in rice fields

To study the differences in texture properties and nutritional quality of Procambarus clarkia feeding with 5 kinds of feed and non-feeding in rice fields. The texture properties, amino acids, and fatty acids were analyzed by physical property determination, biochemical detection, and chromatographic monitoring. The results demonstrated that in terms of texture, values of hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, chewiness, and resilience of Procambarus clarkia muscle in group fed by soybean was highest than that in the other groups. In terms of Procambarus clarkia muscle nutritional quality, 17 species of amino acids were determined, and total amino acids (TAA), essential amino acids (EAA) and delicious amino acids (DAA) in non-feeding group were highest than that in the other groups. 39 species of fatty acids were monitored, and total fatty acids (TFA) in non-feeding group were highest than the other groups. Unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content in group fed by commercial mixed feed B was highest than that in the other groups, and that in non-feeding group was slightly lower than that in group fed by commercial mixed feed B. Furthermore, UFA in non-feeding group and group fed by commercial mixed feed B were higher than that in the other groups. Therefore, certain differences were observed in texture properties and nutritional quality of Procambarus clarkia muscle in different groups. In summary, the taste of Procambarus clarkia muscle in group fed by soybean could be more advantageous than that in the other groups. However, in term of nutritional quality of Procambarus clarkia muscle in non-feeding could be better than that in the other groups.