基于景观破碎度分析的温州三垟湿地乡土景观保护研究

乡土景观保护研究是新时代乡村振兴战略实施过程中亟待解决的重要课题。选取温州三垟湿地乡土景观作为研究对象,借鉴与运用景观破碎度分析研究方法对2012、2017年乡土景观的空间构成特征、空间构成变化、景观破碎度时空演变及其驱动因素进行研究,结果表明:(1)城市环境更新与产业转型是引发乡土景观空间动态变化与景观破碎度时空演变的主因。(2)总体景观破碎度由0.006 3降至0.005 9,城乡绿地、现代建筑空间、现代公共空间、田地这4类斑块是主要驱动因素。(3)内核区域景观破碎度降低趋势比外环区域更显著,现代建筑空间、传统建筑空间、田地、水塘是内核区域景观破碎度降低的主要驱动因素,城乡绿地、现代建筑空间、现代公共空间、传统工业用地是外环区域景观破碎度降低的主要驱动因素。最后,从营造良性社会基础、延续空间构成特征、监测空间构成变化、调控主要驱动因素4个方面,提出快速现代化与城市化背景下三垟湿地乡土景观保护与可持续发展的建议。

Study on vernacular landscape protection of Wenzhou Sanyang wetland based on landscape fragmentation analysis

The study of vernacular landscape protection is an important and urgent issue in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Vernacular landscape of Sanyang wetland in Wenzhou was selected as the research object. The research method of landscape fragmentation analysis was learned from and used to study the spatial characteristics, spatial composition change, spatial and temporal evolution of landscape fragmentation and its driving factors in 2012 and 2017. The results showed that: (1) Urban environmental renewal and industrial transformation were the main causes of the spatial dynamic change as well as the spatial and temporal evolution of landscape fragmentation of vernacular landscape. (2) The overall landscape fragmentation index decreased from 0.006 3 to 0.005 9. The four types of patches in green space, modern building space, modern public space and farmland were the main driving factors. (3) The reduction trend of landscape fragmentation index in the core region was significant than that in the outer ring region. Modern building space, traditional building space, farmland and pond were the main driving factors for the reduction of landscape fragmentation index in the core region. Green space, modern building space, modern public space and traditional industrial land were the main driving factors for the reduction of landscape fragmentation index in the outer ring region. Finally, from the four aspects of constructing a benign social foundation, continuation of spatial composition features, monitoring spatial composition change and controlling main driving factors, we proposed the protection and sustainable development suggestions of vernacular landscape in Sanyang wetland under the background of rapid modernization and urbanization.