三十三个番茄自交系数量性状的配合力和遗传力分析

为评价番茄自交系的配合力和遗传力,本研究以33个番茄自交系为材料,按照NC Ⅱ不完全双列杂交法,配制成116个组合,分析单花序果数、单果质量、果实纵径、果实横径、果形指数、果柄大小、果梗洼大小、木栓化大小、硬度、可溶性固形物含量及果肉厚共11个数量性状的配合力和遗传力。结果表明,果梗洼大小、果实纵径、果实横径、可溶性固形物、单花序果数、单果质量主要受基因的加性效应控制,可稳定遗传给后代;果肉厚、木栓化大小、硬度、果柄大小、果形指数主要受基因的非加性效应控制,应该通过优势育种来利用;可溶性固形物含量遗传力较高,可稳定遗传给后代。单花序果数、单果质量、果实横径、果柄大小、果梗洼大小、木栓化大小、硬度、果肉厚的广义遗传力较高,而狭义遗传力偏低,适于杂交优势利用;果实纵径和果形指数遗传力均较小,选择效果较差。60126、60229、60270、60529、60974和61227的一般配合力相对效应值较高;60229×60478、60480×60429、60974×60478、60977×60497、60270×61011、60645×60478的特殊配合力相对效应值较高。试验结果为宁夏番茄育种亲本的选择和优势杂交组合的配制提供依据。

Analysis of combining ability and heredity for quantitative traits of 33 tomato inbred lines

In order to evaluate the combining ability and heredity of tomato inbred lines, 116 combinations of 33 tomato inbred lines were adopted by NC Ⅱ incomplete biserial hybridization, combining ability and heredity of 11 quantitative characters, such as the single inflorescence number, single fruit weight, fruit vertical diameter, fruit transverse diameter, fruit shape index, pedicel length, size of corky area around pedicel scar, size of pedicel suberification, hardness, soluble solids content and flesh thickness were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the size of corky area around pedicel scar, fruit vertical diameter, fruit transverse diameter, soluble solids content, single inflorescence number and single fruit weight were mainly controlled by additive effects of genes, which could be stably inherited to the offsprings. The flesh thickness, size of pedicel suberification, hardness, pedicel length and fruit shape index were mainly controlled by the non-additive effect of genes and should be utilized by heterosis breeding. The heritability of soluble solids content was high, and it could be stably inherited to the offsprings. The general heritabilities of single inflorescence fruit number, single fruit weight, fruit transverse diameter, pedicel length, size of pedicel scar, size of pedicel suberification, hardness and flesh thickness were higher, but the narrow heritabilities were lower, so they were suitable for hybrid advantage utilization; the heritabilities of fruit vertical diameter and fruit shape index were lower with poor selection effect. The relative effect value of the general combining abilities of the parents 60126, 60229, 60270, 60529, 60974 and 61227 were higher, the relative effect value of the special combining abilities of the following combinations, such as 60229×60478, 60480×60429, 60974×60478, 60977×60497, 60270×61011 and 60645×60478 were higher. These results would provide references for the parents selection and dominant hybrid combinations preparation of tomato in Ningxia.