AL型小麦雄性不育细胞质效应的研究

对ＡＬ型小麦雄性不育系与同型保持系的性状差异的研究结果表明，不育系比保持系单株分蘖增加１．３５８个，抽穗提早０．５６４天，穗长增加０．６３３ｃｍ，分别达到５％或１％水平；但是，在叶片电导率、株高、单株穗数、总小穗数和旗叶长宽诸方面的差异均未达显著水平。ＡＬ型胞质败育花粉中有高度和轻度皱缩型及极少数的饱满圆型；而Ｔ型胞质的败育花粉几乎全属高度皱缩型。ＡＬ型与Ｔ型胞质的杂种间除穗长差异０．７１７ｃｍ，

Cytoplasmic Effect of the AL-type Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Wheat (Trdicum aestivum)

This paper covered the research of the differences in characters between the ALtype CMS lines of wheat and their maintainers. Compared with their maintainers,on the average,AL-type CMS lines produced 1. 358 more tillers,sprouted their ears 0. 564 days earlier,and their ears were 0. 633cm longer,reaching 5 % or 1 % significant level respectively. But the disparities in electric comductivity of leaf, plant height, per plant tiller number, per plant ear munber, per spikelet number,and flag leaf length and width between the CMS lines and their maintainers did not reach 5 % or 1 % significant level. This paper also dealt with the differences of the two sorts of CMS isonuclear alloplasmic hybirds-AL-type cytoplasm and T-type (T. timopheevii) cytoplasm. The differences were as follows: (1)In the AL-type some pollens were heavily shrivelled,some were slightly shrivelled and only a few fully round,and in the T-type almost all the pollens were heavily shrivelled. (2)The average ear length of the three isonuclear alloplasmic hybrids with AL-type cytoplasm was 0. 717cm bigger than that of the three hybrids with T-type cytoplasm, reaching 1% significant level. But the disparities of the two MS cytoplasms in heading date,plant height,flag leaf length and width, per plant ear number, per ear spikelet number,and disease index of yellow rust did not reach 5% or 1% significant level.