Indications for soil organic matter quality in soils under different management |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada;2. Canadian Light Source (CLS), 44 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada;3. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, 1 Stone Road West, Guelph, ON, N1G 4Y2, Canada;1. Division of Natural Resource Management, ICAR- Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Shillong, Meghalaya, India;2. Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Advanced Technology Centre, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, Australia;3. Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States;4. Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India;5. ICAR-National Academy of Agriculture Research Management, Hyderabad, Telangana, India;6. Department of Soil Science, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India;7. Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany;8. Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;9. Divison of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea Biochar Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea;10. Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China;11. Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China;12. Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University (Melbourne Campus), Melbourne, VIC, Australia;13. Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China;14. Cooperative Extension Service, Central State University, Wilberforce, OH, United States |
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| Abstract: | Changes in management practice are reflected by soil carbon and nitrogen status, in particular by the proportion of soil organic matter (SOM) being easily transformed (active SOM). We describe SOM quality for three management practices, Organic Farming system (OF), Integrated Crop Production (ICP) and pasture sites (G), which intend to achieve sustainable management practice. The experimental sites were conventionally farmed until 1992. SOM quality was examined by describing active SOM pools, such as the decomposed ‘young soil organic matter’ (YSOM), ratio of microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) to organic carbon (Corg), ecophysiological status of the microbial biomass (qCO2), and the ratio of light particulate organic matter (POM-LF) to Corg. Ratios of soil microbial biomass (Cmic/Corg) and POM-LF (POM-LF/Corg) and the amount of decomposed YSOM were relatively similar to each other, despite differences in management practice and soil texture. Soil microbial parameters (Cmic, Cmic/Corg and qCO2) were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the amount of decomposed YSOM and the silt content in the OF. In the ICP, soil microbial parameters depended only on the amount of decomposed YSOM, which was considered to be a consequence of the more heterogeneous texture at the OF-sites. Management effects were detectable for no-tillage in the ICP leading to an accumulation of active SOM in the surface soil (0–10 cm). The ratio POM-LF/Corg showed no difference between G and OF despite markedly higher Corg-contents at the G-sites. Conclusively, all methods used indicate comparable SOM qualities for the three management systems, despite differences in soil texture and soil management during 7 years. Management practices seem to be well adapted to the site conditions. |
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