玉米主产省玉米生产效率及收敛性分析

运用Malmquist指数方法,分析了1985—2014年玉米主产省玉米生产投入和产出数据,并对玉米生产的全要素生产效率进行了测算。结果显示:自1985年以来,玉米全要素生产效率总体呈现增长趋势,且增长幅度不大,以2006年为拐点,起初主要依赖于技术进步率,而后主要依赖于技术效率;陕西等9个省份的全要素生产效率处于负增长状态;利用变异系数对玉米主产省玉米生产效率进行σ收敛分析,结果表明,玉米生产效率具有σ收敛特征。要想提高玉米的生产效率,就应该注重玉米生产的内涵发展,适当缩小玉米种植区域,加快关键技术的推广,发挥政策的引导作用。

Analysis of Maize Production Efficiency and Convergence in Major Maize Producing Provinces in China

By Malmquist index method,input and output data of maize production in major maize producing provinces from 1985 to 2014 were analyzed and total factor productivity of maize production was calculated.The results show that since 1985,total factor productivity of maize production has taken an overall upward trend,with a modest growth rate.The turning point came in 2006,before the year it mainly depended on technical progress rate,and after the year,it mainly depended on technical efficiency;total factor productivity of maize production in Shanxi and other eight provinces was in a negative growth state;variation coefficient was used to conduct σ convergence analysis of maize production efficiency in major maize producing provinces,and the results show that maize production has σ convergence characteristics.Accordingly,to improve maize production efficiency,connotation development of maize production should be emphasized,appropriately reducing maize growing areas,accelerating popularization of key techniques,playing the guiding role of policies.