Pht1家族在几种植物中的研究进展

植物磷转运蛋白是植物磷营养中必需的一种膜蛋白。植物磷转运子在植物根系中负责磷的吸收、转运,其表达受磷调控,磷元素广泛存在于动植物组织中,是植物生长所必需的大量无机营养元素之一,在诸多代谢过程中都起着举足轻重的作用。在植株中,磷素通过磷酸盐转运蛋白吸收和转运,该蛋白在调控植株对磷素吸收、利用效率等方面具有重要作用。植物基因组中含有大量推测的以基因家族的形式存在的编码磷转运蛋白基因。目前已知的磷转运子分为五大家族Pht1、Pht2、Pht3、Pho1和Pho2。文中主要综述了水稻、大豆、玉米、小麦、拟南芥、番茄、苜蓿、马铃薯中Pht1家族的结构、功能及表达调控方面的研究进展。

Progress of Researches on Pht1 Family in Plants

Phosphorus is widely present in plant and animal tissues,and it is one of the essential large-quantity inorganic nutrient elements for plant growth.Phosphorus plays an important role in many metabolic processes.In plants,phosphorus absorption and translocation are accomplished via phosphate transporter protein which plays an important role in regulation of plant phosphate absorption and utilization efficiency.Plant genome contains a large number of putative coding phosphate transporter protein gene that exists in the form of a gene family.Phosphorus transporters currently known are divided into five families,Pht1,Pht2,Pht3,Pho1 and Pho2.In this paper,research progress of Phtl family structure,function and expression regulation of several plants,including rice,soybean,wheat,tomatoes,alfalfa,arabidopsis,corn and potato,are reviewed.