茹河流域固原二期工程水土保持生态价值评价

根据茹河流域固原二期水土保持工程项目实施后的生态系统特征和生态系统服务的内涵,选取土壤保持、涵养水源、固碳释氧、净化空气、保护生物多样性等5项指标,运用市场价值法、费用替代法、影子工程法、机会成本法等对该工程项目的生态系统服务功能价值进行了评估。结果表明,项目实施以来,生态系统总服务价值5a累计增加了85 293.09万元。在生态系统各项服务功能价值的贡献中,保持和改良土壤价值量最大(48.86%),几乎占生态服务总价值的1/2,其次是保持和涵养水源价值量(30.16%)、固碳释氧价值量(14.96%)、维持生物多样性价值量(3.70%)、净化空气价值量(2.31%)。研究表明,茹河流域固原二期项目的实施,在保护环境、治理水土流失等方面具有显著作用。

Evaluating Ecosystem Services Value of Second Stage Project for Soil and Water Conservation in Guyuan Area of Ruhe Watershed

In this study,we assessed the ecosystem service value of the second stage project of soil and water conservation deployed in Guyuan area of the Ruhe watershed according to the characteristics of ecosystems.The market value method,cost-alternative method,shadow-engineering method and opportunity-cost approach were applied to five indicators including soil conservation,water source conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,air cleaning and biodiversity conservation.The results showed that the ecosystem service value has increased by 852.93 million yuan since the project launched five years ago.The service of maintaining and improving soil quality contributed most to the total ecosystem value,accounting for about 48.86%.The service of water conservation contributed 30.16%,while carbon fixation and oxygen release and the other two accounted for 14.96%,3.7% and 2.31%,respectively.It is clear that the soil and water conservation measures played a significant role in environmental protection and soil erosion control in the Ruhe watershed.