不同秋眠类型苜蓿品种的生产性能研究

通过对国内外42个秋眠级为2~9级的紫花苜蓿品种4个生产年的研究, 探讨苜蓿秋眠级与生产性能的关系。结果表明: (1)不同秋眠级苜蓿的干物质产量均呈第4年≈第3年＞第1年＞第2年的趋势, 其中第2生长年(2003年)天气温度较低和降雨过量是其低产的直接原因; (2)在郑州地区, 4、2秋眠级苜蓿干物质产量显著高于非秋眠品种, 其他秋眠或半秋眠苜蓿产量也程度不同地高于非秋眠苜蓿; (3)不同秋眠级的苜蓿品种第1茬产量最高, 其次为第2、3、4茬, 第5茬产量最低; (4)苜蓿的秋眠级与年干物质产量、粗蛋白质(CP)含量呈负相关, 与粗纤维(CF)呈正相关, 认为郑州地区不宜选用非秋眠品种。

Production Performance in Alfalfa with Different Classes of Fall Dormancy

Fall dormancy (FD) in alfalfa is related to regrowth, yield and plant height in autumn. The objectives of this research were to evaluate variability for agronomical traits among 42 alfalfa varieties with fall dormancy classes ranging from 2 to 9 in Zhengzhou, China. The results were as follows: (1) The dry matter yields (DM) of 42 varieties in 2004 and 2005 were higher than those in 2002, and the yield in 2002 was higher than that in 2003, due to the low temperature and high rainfall in 2003; (2) DM yields of fall dormant and semi-fall dormant alfalfa were higher than those of non-fall dormant alfalfa; (3) Cutting times had a significant effect on DM herbage yield, with the highest yield in the first cutting and the lowest in the fifth. The first 3 cuttings in the spring and early summer should be paid attention for the alfalfa yield; (4) The non-fall dormant alfalfa should not be selected in the production of Zhengzhou, because FD classes had extremely significant negative correlation with CP content and DM yield (P＜0.01), and positive correlation with CF.