喷施微肥对小麦籽粒产量及微量元素含量的影响

[目的]探讨微量元素肥料对小麦生长发育和产量的影响,为合理施用微肥提供参考.[方法]以洛旱7号和洛麦22为材料,在小麦拔节中期、抽穗前（拔节末期）叶面喷施微肥,研究喷施微肥对小麦产量及产量构成因素、微量元素含量以及生物学产量的影响.[结果]施用锌、铁、硒3种微肥对小麦产量均有所提高;对产量构成因素的影响表现为喷施3种微肥后小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数均较对照有不同程度的增加,喷施锌肥和硒肥较显著提高了籽粒中锌和硒含量,施锌后籽粒锌含量较对照提高了2.48％和12.2％,喷施硒后小麦籽粒硒含量较对照提高了159.9％ ～ 717.7％,施铁后小麦籽粒铁含量较对照提高了1.4％、5.9％.[结论]在施氮、磷、钾的基础上配施微量元素肥料能提高小麦籽粒产量和小麦籽粒的微量元素含量.

Effect of Application of Trace Element Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Content of Trace Elements

[Objective] To study the effect of trace element fertilizer on wheat growth and yield.[Methods] Using Luohan 7 and Luomai 22 as materials,in the middle period of jointing,heading （jointing stage） foliar,3 kinds of trace element fertilizers were sprayed,to study the effect of trace element fertilizers on wheat yield and components of wheat yield,content of trace elements,and biological yield,and provide reference for proper application of fertilizer.[Results] Application of Zn,Fe,and Se fertilizers increased wheat yield; effect on yield components：1 000-grain weight （TGW）,grain number per hectare,number of ears per plant had increase in varying degrees; applications of Zn and Se fertilizer significantly increased the content of zinc and selenium in grains with Zn increase by 2.48％ and 12.2％,Se increase by 159.9％-717.7％,and Fe increase by 1.4％ and 5.9％ respectively.[Conclusion] Applying trace element fertilizers on the basis of application of NPK fertilizers can increase wheat yield and trace element content of wheat.