海南岛椰子黑刺粉虱的生物学特性及防治

黑刺粉虱在海南岛儋县地区,一年发生四代,无越冬现象。各代的产卵盛期分别在2,6,8,10月。幼虫三龄。以两性生殖为主,也可孤雌生殖,孤雌生殖的子代均为雄虫。成虫不需补充营养,雌雄性比为1.64:1。雌成虫产卵量平均31粒。风雨是此虫种群数量的影响因素之一。因累积效应,椰子中下层羽叶虽口密度大,剔除老叶可减轻为害程度。室内测定结果,80％敌敌畏、90％敌百虫、50％甲胺磷稀释2000倍,对此虫有良好的毒杀效果。

BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COCONUT BLACK WHITEFLY IN WESTERN HAINAN AND ITS CONTROLS

In western Hainan, the coconut black whitefly (Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Q.)) propagated 4 generations in a year, without hibernation. The ovipositing peak periods of the 4 generations were in February, June, August and October respectively. The parthenogenesis, which only generated male, occasionally occurred apart from amphigony. The rate of female and male adults was 1.64: 1, the ovipositing amount of a female adult averaged 31 grains of egg, its nympha had 8 instars, Wind and rain were the important factors affecting the population of the pest. Because of accumulative effects, the population of the pest on the leaves of middle and lower crown was more than that on the other parts so that cutting away the aged leaves could decrease the damage of the pest. The results of indoor chemical poisoning tests showed that the pest insect could be effectively controlled by spraying 80% Dichlorvos, 90% Trichlorfon and 50% Methamidophos(1: 2000 dilution) respectively.