小麦显性矮源对主要农艺性状的影响

利用 5个普通小麦品种与 5个不同显性矮源回交 6代以上 ,产生的 5套近等基因系 ,研究显性矮源对株高、穗长、小穗数、穗下节间长、旗叶长和生物产量等主要农艺性状的影响。结果表明 ,显性矮源的近等基因系对回交父本的主要农艺性状有显著影响 ,回交父本的遗传背景对显性矮源近等基因系有一定的修饰作用。所有显性矮源近等基因系都极显著降低回交父本的株高、穗下节间长和生物产量。西农 0 2和矮苏 3矮源近等基因系对回交父本的穗长没有影响 ;奥尔森矮源近等基因系对回交父本的小穗数没有影响 ,对旗叶长影响比较小 ;矮变 1号矮源近等基因系对回交父本的所有主要农艺性状有极显著降低作用。携带 Rht10突变基因的西农 0 2和矮变 1号矮源近等基因系的主要农艺性状之间存在明显差异 ,表明西农 0 2矮源不同于矮变 1号矮源。此外 ,本文对如何降低显性矮源的负效应也进行了探讨

Effect of Dominant Dwarfing Source on Main Agronomic Characters in Wheat

The five series of near isogenic lines from five dominant dwarfing sources backcrossed over six generation by five common wheat varieties were studied on plant height, spike length, spikelet number, internode length below spike, flag leaf length and biomass. The results showed that the effects of near isogenic line of the dominant dwarfing source were significant at 1% level on main agronomic characters. The main agronomic characters could be modified by inheritance backgrounds . All near isogenic lines of dominant dwarfing sources significantly reduced plant height , internode length below spike and biomass of backcrossing male parents at 1% level. The near isogenic lines with Xinong 02 and Aisu 3 had not effect on the spike length of backcrossing male parents. The near isogenic lines with Oleson did not affect the spikelet numbers and flag leaf length of backcrossing male parents. But the near isogenic lines with Aibian 1 significantly reduced the main agronomic characters of backcrossing male parents at 1% level. The main agronomic characters of the near isogenic lines of Xinong 02 with Rht10 mutation gene and that of Aibian 1 with Rht10 gene had significant difference , so Xinong 02 was different from Aibian 1. It was discussed how to reduced the negative effect of dominant dwarfing sources in the paper .