20世纪上半叶河南芝麻生产及其运销格局初探

20世纪上半叶,芝麻是河南经济作物的一大特色。在此期间,河南芝麻生产得到了迅速发展,其种植面积不断扩大,形成了芝麻种植的区域化和专业化,这在一定程度上改变了河南农业单一的种植结构;同时,芝麻生产的商品化程度也在不断增强,这不仅提高了河南农民的生活水平,而且还满足了国内外芝麻油加工业的市场需求;在此基础之上,产生了一批重要的芝麻集散市场,河南芝麻运销格局也因铁路运输的出现发生了重大的变化,芝麻贸易开始从区域贸易向对外贸易转型;更为重要的是,芝麻的集散不但拓展了近代河南农村市场的发展空间,而且也推动了豫南近代城镇化的步伐,这些都对河南乃至华北农村的近代社会转型产生了较为深远的影响。

Study on the Production and Marketing Pattern of Sesame in Henan Province during the First Half of the 20th Century

During the first half of the 20th century,sesame,the major feature economic crop in Henan,had been developed rapidly in terms of its planting area,forming the regionalization and specialization of sesame production,which changed the single planting structure of Henan agriculture to a certain extent;meanwhile,the sesame production were becoming increasingly commercialized,which not only improved the living standard of Henan peasants,but also met the demand for edible sesame oil processing industry domestically and internationally.Gradually,some big terminal markets of sesame appeared in Henan province and modern railway transportation gave the sesame market an impetus to change greatly again,i.e.from the regional trade to foreign trade.More importantly,sesame trade had not only expanded rural market in Henan province but also speed up the modern urbanization process in South Henan province,which had a more far-reaching impact of modern social transformation to the countryside in Henan province and even in the North China as well.