小麦白粉病抗病基因分子标记开发及应用研究进展

选育和利用抗病品种是防治白粉病最经济、有效、安全的措施，优异抗白粉病基因资源的挖掘及其紧密连锁分子标记的开发是开展抗白粉病分子标记育种的基础。目前，国内外已命名了分布于16条染色体上的39个位点共55个白粉病抗病基因，其中30个已开发出分子标记,另外还发现数个与成株期抗性相关的数量性状位点。本文综述了国内外小麦白粉病抗病基因的定位、来源、分子标记开发、克隆，以及白粉病抗病基因的分子标记育种的最新研究进展,并分析了当前小麦抗白粉病育种存在的主要问题及解决建议。

Researches and application on Molecular Markers of Powdery Mildew Resistant Genes in Wheat

The use of resistant cultivars is an effective, economical, and environmentally safe approach that eliminates the use of fungicides and reduces production losses due to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (syn. Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici). So far, 55 genes/alleles for resistance to powdery mildew at 39 loci have been identified and located on 16 different chromosomes,of which 30 resistance genes/alleles have been tagged by different molecular marker systems. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for adult plant resistance to powdery mildew have been associated with molecular markers. The detailed information on chromosomal location,the sources, available molecular markers and cloning of these genes has been reviewed. The fresh researches, existed problem and the resolvent in marker-assisted selection using these genes are also discussed.