1973-2000年黄河流域棉花品种改良与应用状况分析

利用1973-2000年国家黄河流域棉花区域试验资料及同期该棉区棉花品种推广的统计数据,总结了棉花品种改良的主要成绩,分析了棉花品种不同性状的育种效率.结果表明产量性状的遗传改良效率逐年下降,早熟性、抗逆性和部分纤维品质指标的改良效率有所提高.探索性提出了提高育种效率的途径和方法.分析了棉花良种普及率及自育品种变化情况,针对目前美国转基因棉花在该区生产中优势,加强国产品种的推广已成当务之急.

Cotton Variety Improvement and Extension in Yellow River Region from 1973 to 2000

Using statistic data of the cotton production and results of the national cotton variety test in Yellow River region from 1973 to 2000, cotton genetic improvement efficiency on different characters of cotton variety was analyzed, and major breeding achievements were concluded. The results indicated that breeding efficiency on yield decreased, whereas increased on resistance to diseases,pest,drought and some indices of fiber quality properties. The approach for increasing cotton genetic on improvement efficiency was studied. Since American bred trans-genie cotton played an important role in Yellow River cotton producing region,it is urgent to extend native-bred cotton varieties.