棉蚜抗药性现状及治理策略

棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover是农业生产上最重要的害虫之一。化学杀虫剂一直以来都是棉蚜综合防治体系中的重要组成部分, 但化学杀虫剂的不合理使用导致棉蚜对多种杀虫剂均产生了高水平抗性。现有研究表明, 靶标位点突变、解毒酶基因的过表达以及某些肠道共生菌丰度的变化是导致棉蚜对杀虫剂产生抗性的主要机制。针对棉蚜抗性发展现状及其抗药性机制, 制定科学合理的抗性治理策略, 是充分发挥化学防治的优势、实现棉蚜可持续治理的关键。本文主要从棉蚜的抗药性现状、抗性机制和抗性治理策略3个方面对近10多年的主要进展进行了综述, 旨在为棉蚜抗药性长效治理和科学施策提供理论依据。

The current status of insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Glover) and the management strategies

Aphis gossypii Glover is one of the most important agricultural pests. Chemical insecticides have long been a vital part of the integrated pest management of A. gossypii. However, the unreasonable application of insecticides inevitably leads to high resistance to many insecticides in aphids. Previous studies revealed that the enhanced activities of detoxification enzymes, mutations of target genes and changed abundance of certain intestinal symbiotic bacteria were three main mechanisms that confer insecticides resistance in the cotton aphid. Developing scientific and reasonable resistance management strategies based on the current development status and resistance mechanisms of cotton aphids in China is the key to fully utilizing the advantages of chemical control and achieving sustainable management of cotton aphids. In this review, the present status of resistance, resistance mechanisms and resistance management strategies of A. gossypii were summarized to provide a theoretical basis and scientific approach for long-term control of resistance in A. gossypii.