348份小麦种质中抗条锈病基因Yr5、Yr10和Yr18的分子标记检测与分布

利用共分离或紧密连锁的分子标记S1320、SC_(200)和csLV34,对收集于全国多个育种单位的348份小麦种质进行检测。结果表明: Yr5连锁标记S1320阳性的种质有122份, Yr10连锁标记SC_(200)阳性的种质有80份, Yr18连锁标记csLV34阳性的种质有7份,检出率分别为35.06%、22.99%和2.01%。分子标记阳性的种质中抗病性表现并不一致,标记阳性且表现抗病的种质分别有27份、11份和3份,这些种质主要来自陕西、北京和江苏。抗病基因聚合种质抗病性鉴定结果表明, Yr5和 Yr18聚合时对条锈病表现高抗或免疫, Yr10与 Yr5或 Yr18聚合则不能有效提高种质的条锈病抗性。此外,有10份种质虽然未检出上述3个基因,但是对条锈病表现近免疫,是抗条锈病育种的重要资源。

Molecular Detection and Distribution of Stripe Rust Resistance Genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr18 among 348 Wheat Germplasms

In order to determine the distribution of stripe rust resistance genes Yr5, Yr10 and Yr18 among 348 wheat germplasms which were collected from many breeding units all over the country, their co-segregated or closely linked molecular markers S1320, SC₂₀₀ and csLV34 were used to assist detection in this study.The results showed that 122 germplasms were positive for Yr5-linked marker S1320, 80 for Yr10-linked marker SC₂₀₀ and 7 for Yr18-linked marker csLV34.The positive rates were 35.06%, 22.99% and 2.01% respectively.But positve germplasms with the same marker showed differential disease resistant character.There were 27, 11 and 3 germplasms which were resistant to stripe rust among the marker positive ones accordingly.These stripe rust resistant germplasms with Yr5, Yr10 or Yr18 were mainly from Shaanxi, Beijing and Jiangsu province.The results of disease resistance identification showed that the germplasms pyramiding with Yr5 and Yr18 were highly resistant or immune to stripe rust, whereas Yr10 pyramiding with Yr5 or Yr18 were not effective in improving stripe rust resistance.In addition, 10 germplasms carrying none of the above three genes showed immune to stripe rust, which were very useful resources for stripe rust resistant breeding and valuable to study further.The results of this study may provide an important reference for the effective utilization of stripe rust resistance gene resources.