温湿度对草莓炭疽菌侵染草莓叶片的影响

为探索草莓炭疽病潜伏侵染条件提供理论依据。本研究在离体条件下通过调控室内温湿度对草莓炭疽病的发病情况及侵染特性差异性进行研究。结果表明：温湿度组合处理25℃/85%、20℃/80%、15℃/80%、10℃/80%、15℃/75%、10℃/75%在接种7天后均能发病,处理10℃/70%接种后28天才轻微发病。侵染特性差异性研究表明,处理25℃/85%,接种6 h,25%的分生孢子开始萌发;接种12 h,附着孢开始形成,形成率为16%,接种48 h,叶片开始出现零星病斑;接种7天,叶片组织细孢大量腐烂崩解,病指为39.07。处理10℃/70%,接种1天,2.88%分生孢子开始萌发;直至接种24天,分生孢子萌发率达到100%,附着孢开始形成,形成率为8.83%;接种28天,叶片开始出现零星病斑,病指仅为1.85;接种42天,叶片组织大面积腐烂,形成典型的炭疽病斑。得出处理10℃/70%接近该病害发病的底线温湿度条件,此条件下的潜伏期能够达到28天。

Strawberry Leaves Infected by Colletotrichum fragariae: Effect of Temperature and Humidity

To provide a basis for exploring the condition of latent infection of strawberry leaves infected by Colletotrichum fragariae, we studied the morbidities and the differences of infection characteristics of strawberry leaves infected by Colletotrichum fragariae in vitro by regulating the indoor temperature and humidity. The results showed that: the combinations of temperature and humidity of 25°C/85%, 20°C/80%, 15°C/80%, 10°C/80%, 15°C/75% and 10°C/75% all could cause disease after being inoculated 7 d, however the treatment of 10°C/70% could cause slight disease after being inoculated 28 d. The differences of infection characteristics showed that: 25% of conidia germinated after being inoculated 6 h of treatment of 25°C/85%; after 12 h, appressorium began to form and the formation rate was 16%; after 48 h, sporadic disease spots began to appear on the leaves; after 7 d, a mass of tissue cells of leaves began to decompose, and the disease index was 39.07; in the treatments of 10°C/70%, after 1 d, 2.88% of conidia germinated; the germination rate of the conidia was 100% and 8.83% appressorium began to form after being inoculated 24 d; after 28 d, sporadic disease spots began to be appear on the leaves and the disease index was 1.85; after 42 d, a mass of tissue cells of leaves began to decompose and typical anthracnose disease spots were found on the leaves. In conclusion, 10°C/70% is close to the baseline of temperature and humidity condition of strawberry leaves infected by Colletotrichum fragariae, and the incubation period can reach 28 d under the condition.