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筒状固定床花生通风干燥性能指标模拟与分析
引用本文:颜建春,魏海,谢焕雄,游兆延.筒状固定床花生通风干燥性能指标模拟与分析[J].农业工程学报,2020,36(1):292-302.
作者姓名:颜建春  魏海  谢焕雄  游兆延
作者单位:农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京 210014;中美花生生产工程技术联合实验室,南京 210014
基金项目:江苏省农机三新工程(NJ2018-10);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(农产品分级与贮藏装备创新团队)
摘    要:为了解筒状固定床花生干燥机理、作业性能,确定合理的结构和通风参数,根据干燥过程花生荚果和介质空气间的热质传递关系,以PDE模型为理论基础,建立了适用于筒状固定床花生通风干燥计算机模拟的离散模型,该模型可计算花生干燥实时状态及批次干燥耗时、不均匀度、生产率、单位质量能耗等干燥指标。经试验验证,模型模拟结果与试验结果基本相符,料层花生平均含水率和温度模拟值和试验值的相关系数r>0.975,模型模拟可用于筒状床花生干燥过程分析。在此基础上,分析了单位面积通风量、筒状固定床外径、内径变化对上述指标的影响。结果表明:受介质空气温度降低和相对湿度增加影响,内层物料干燥起始时间和干燥速率存在一定的滞后性,但单位面积通风量沿通风方向逐渐增大的特性对内层物料的干燥滞后有较好改善;随着单位面积通风量增加,干燥不均匀度明显降低,生产率亦有显著提高,但单位质量能耗增幅较大;筒状床外径增加或内径减小都可增加生产率,降低单位质量干燥能耗,但干燥不均匀问题很难解决。为进一步确定最优的结构和通风参数,采用均匀设计模拟试验和综合加权评分法,得出筒状固定床外径2.75 m,内径0.935 m,外进风面单位面积通风量0.36 m^3/(m^2·s)时干燥效果最优,此时干燥时耗39.2 h、生产率86.55 kg/h、单位质量能耗5.87×10~6 J/kg、干燥不均匀度1.54%。该研究可为筒状固定床干燥设备设计优化提供技术支撑。

关 键 词:农产品  干燥  花生  固定床  模拟
收稿时间:2019/9/4 0:00:00
修稿时间:2019/12/30 0:00:00

Performance index simulation and analysis of peanut ventilation drying in barrel-shaped fixed bed
Yan Jianchun,Wei Hai,Xie Huanxiong and You Zhaoyan.Performance index simulation and analysis of peanut ventilation drying in barrel-shaped fixed bed[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2020,36(1):292-302.
Authors:Yan Jianchun  Wei Hai  Xie Huanxiong and You Zhaoyan
Institution:1. Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China; 2. Sino-USA Laboratory of Peanut Production Engineering Technology, Nanjing 210014, China,1. Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China; 2. Sino-USA Laboratory of Peanut Production Engineering Technology, Nanjing 210014, China,1. Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China; 2. Sino-USA Laboratory of Peanut Production Engineering Technology, Nanjing 210014, China and 1. Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China; 2. Sino-USA Laboratory of Peanut Production Engineering Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
Abstract:Mechanical drying become gradually used to reduce post-harvest losses of peanuts because the conventional sun-drying facilities cannot meet the requirements of peanuts drying in China. A barrel-shaped fixed bed drying, a kind of economical and practical dry method, which can be effectively suitable for the specific conditions in Chinese rural production. However, there are few reported on the parameters of structure and ventilation associated with the barrel-shaped fixed bed.
Keywords:agriculture products  drying  peanut  fixed box  simulation
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