4种花色仙客来色素及相关生理生化研究

以仙客来激光系列(Cyclamens laser)的粉红色(Cyclamens laser‘Pink’)、紫色(Cyclamens laser‘Purple’)、红色(Cyclamens laser‘Scarlet’)、粉色(Cyclamens laser‘Pale pink’)4种花色仙客来为试材,分别于蕾期、初花期、盛花期和末花期4个时期对仙客来花瓣中呈色色素含量,可溶性糖含量,可溶性蛋白质含量,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和查儿酮异构酶(CHI)活性的变化进行测定。结果表明:在整个花期过程中,4种花色仙客来中粉色仙客来花色苷含量显著低于其他3种植物,而类黄酮的含量显著高于其他3种植物,红色仙客来在蕾期、初花期和盛花期的花色苷含量显著高于其他3种植物。色素含量的不同对花色的表现有明显作用。PAL酶和CHI酶对花色苷和类黄酮的含量有一定的影响作用。可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量之间呈负相关,而对花色的影响不起主导作用。

A study on the pigment content and other related physiological and biochemical indices in four color Cyclamen cultivars

Using four color Cyclamen cultivars of pink(Cyclamens laser’Pink’),purple(Cyclamens laser’Purple’),red(Cyclamen laser’Scarlet’),pink(Cyclamen laser’Pale pink’) in the family of Cyclamen laser series(Cyclamens laser ’Pale pink’)as test materials,the petals pigment content,soluble sugar content,soluble protein content,the variation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) activity and chalcone isomerase(CHI) activity were measured in four stages of bud,first blossom,full blossom and late blossom,respectively.The results showed that the anthocyanin content of the pink Cyclamen was significantly lower than that in the other three cultivars during the whole flowering process,while the flavonoid content was significantly higher than the other three.The anthocyanin content of the red Cyclamen at the bud,the first blossom and full blossom stages was significantly higher than the other three ones at the three stages respectively.The difference of the pigment content played a significant role in the performance of coloring.The activity of PAL enzyme and CHI enzyme had a certain effect in the content variation of anthocyanins and flavonoids.Soluble sugar and soluble protein presented a negative correlation,indicating an unimportant role in the plant coloring.