少核沙田柚的辐射选育研究

用6 0 Coγ射线处理沙田柚休眠接穗 ,选育出优良变异枝系 95 7 2。该变异枝系平均单果种子数为 1 0 2粒 ,单果重为 1 1 50g,丰产性和果实其它品质特性基本上保持沙田柚的优良特性。对该变异枝系的花粉育性和染色体行为观察结果表明 :辐射诱发染色体变异 ,分裂不正常 ,导致花粉和胚胎败育 ,产生二倍体水平的无核突变。

INDUCTION OF SUPERIOR SEEDLESS MUTATION OF C.gradis Osbeck cv. SHATIANYOU BY IRRADIATION

Co γ\|rays irradiation for mutant induction of C.gradis Osbeck was performed in 1995.After continuous screening and phenotype identification for 7 years,a fine quality mutant “95\|7\|2” was selected.This mutant has the traits of the original variety in both yield and taste with average seed number of 10\^2 per fruit.It was suggested by pollen fertility analysis and chromosome behavior observation that seedless mutant in level of diploid was caused by non\|snapsis of monoploid chromosomes and pollen sterility was induced by irradiation.