Bovine mastitis and antibiotic resistance patterns in Selalle smallholder dairy farms, central Ethiopia |
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Authors: | K Getahun B Kelay M Bekana F Lobago |
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Institution: | (1) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia;(2) Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7054, Uppsala, Sweden |
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Abstract: | A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of mastitis, identify the major bacterial pathogens and test the antimicrobial
resistance of milk bacterial isolates in smallholder dairy farms in Selalle area, Ethiopia. A total of 109 smallholder dairy
farms comprising 500 crossbred lactating cows were included. The prevalence of clinical mastitis at herd, cow and quarter
level was 8.3% (n = 9), 1.8% (n = 9) and 0.51% (n = 10), respectively, while that of sub-clinical mastitis was 54.7%, 22.3%
and 10.1%, respectively. The univariate logistic regression showed that among the risk factors considered, presence of teat
lesion, stage of lactation and parity number had significant effect on the prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis. However, after
multivariate analysis, only presence of teat lesion and stage of lactation had significant effect. The common isolates from
the clinical mastitic quarters were St. agalactiae (30%, n = 3) and St. dysgalactiae (30%, n = 3), while from sub-clinical cases were S. aureus (42.6%, n = 83), S. epidermidis (22.1%, n = 43), St. agalactiae (12.8%, n = 25) and St. uberis (10.3%, n = 20). Staphylococcus intermedius and Streptococcus dysgalactiae were the species, which showed high level of susceptibility for most of the antimicrobials tested, while the remaining had
varying levels of resistance for almost all the antimicrobials used. Among the antimicrobials employed, erythromycin and sulphonamide
showed the lowest proportion of resistant isolates. Considering the possible significant economic losses that could be incurred
by both clinical and sub-clinical mastitis, attention should be paid for further detailed investigations including the economic
losses and benefits of interventions in the study area. |
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Keywords: | Antibiotic resistance Bovine Mastitis Prevalence Smallholder |
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