Spatial variation of infiltration rate and compactness in paddy fields |
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Authors: | S F Mousavi F Kamyab-Talesh M R Yazdani S H Saghaian-Nejad |
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Institution: | (1) College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111 Isfahan, Iran;(2) Rice Research Institute, 41996-13475 Rasht, Iran |
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Abstract: | Percolation loss of water in rice fields is a major cause of low water use efficiency. Variation of infiltration rate and
soil compactness in four paddy fields (with clay, silty clay, clay loam, and loam textures) was investigated in northern Iran.
In each field, in longitudinal and transverse directions, points located 0.5, 2.5, 6.5, 12.5, … m from the bunds were selected
and water infiltration rate and resistance to penetration of a pocket penetrometer were measured. The results showed that
in clay soil, average final infiltration rate (f
c) in longitudinal direction, transverse direction, and center of the field was 0.216, 0.136, and 0.08 cm day−1, respectively. The f
c for loamy soil was 2.77, 2.32, and 0.409 cm day−1, respectively. Similar differences were observed in the other two soil textures. In general, effect of direction of the field
for measuring infiltration rate was not statistically significant. Loam and clay loam soils, with resistance to penetration
of 0.37 and 0.33 kg cm−2, were not significantly different. But, clay and silty clay soils with resistance to penetration of 0.25 and 0.14 kg cm−2 were significantly different (P < 0.05). Resistance to penetration of the penetrometer was not affected significantly (P < 0.05) by direction of measuring this parameter in the field. The conclusion is that if measured soil physical properties
in a paddy field are going to be representative of the whole field, they should be measured at different locations, especially
near the bunds. Another strategy for obtaining a representative infiltration rate or compactness for a paddy field is uniform
puddling of the field. |
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